Isolation of Essential Oils by Steam Distillation Procedure Part A Apparatus 1.) Using a 20- or 25-mL round-bottom flask (for distillation) and a 10-mL round-bottom flask (for collection) assemble a distillation apparatus 2.) Use an aluminum block to heat and insert a water condenser 3.) The collection flask may be immersed in ice to ensure condensation of the distillate Preparing the Spice 1.) Weigh approximately 1.0 g of your spice or herb onto a piece of weighing paper and record the exact
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Henry Su December 12‚ 2001 Chapter Notes Chemistry 221 Chapter 13 Dr. Rahni Titrating Polyfunctional Acids and Bases 13A—Polyfunctional Acids -Phosphoric Acid is a typical polyfunctional acid H3PO4 + H2O ( H2PO4- + H3O+ Ka1 = [H3O+] [H2PO4-] = 7.11e-3 [H3PO4 ] H2PO4- + H2O ( HPO4-2 + H3O+ Ka2 = [H3O+] [H2PO4-2] = 6.32e-8 [H2PO4- ] HPO4-2 + H2O ( PO4-3 + H3O+ Ka3 = [H3O+] [PO4-3] = 4.5e-13 [HPO4-2]
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Processes Conversion of Heavy Residues Treatment of Refinery Gas streams INTRODUCTION: Oil refining is a key activity in the CPI. Over 600 refineries worldwide have a total annual capacity of more than 3500 x 106 tonnes. Goal of oil refining is twofold: i. production of fuels for transportation‚ power generation and heating; and ii. production of raw materials for the CPI. Oil refineries are complex plants but are relatively mature and highly integrated.
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Introduction An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants. Essential oils are also known as volatile oils‚ ethereal oils or aetherolea‚ or simply as the "oil of" the plant from which they were extracted‚ such as oil of clove. Volatile oils are the odorous and volatile products of various plant and animal species. As they have a tendency to undergo evaporation on being exposed to the air even at an ambient temperature‚ they are invariably termed
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BP Oil Spill 2010 Elizabeth Morton University of Phoenix SUS/300 3/9/15 Tereza Marks Gulf Oil Spill Case BP Oil Spill 2010 BP is a world leading international oil and Gas Company. The BP Company however had an oil spill on April 20‚ 2010 due to a gas release in the Gulf of Mexico. A massive explosion followed the gas release on the Deep Water Oil rig that was working on the exploration of British Petroleum. The explosive gas leak resulted in eleven peoples dead and several other individuals
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Discussion Questions for Chapter Four of The Great Gatsby Where are the people when the Church bells are ringing on Sunday morning? What might this tell you about their morality? (65) They are still at Gatsby’s party. Fitzgerald does this to tell us their spiritual or community values are not nearly as important to them as having a good time and partying. What is the next piece of gossip we hear about Gatsby’s possible career? (65) He is a bootlegger. According to one of the young ladies
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Gaussian Mixture Models∗ Douglas Reynolds MIT Lincoln Laboratory‚ 244 Wood St.‚ Lexington‚ MA 02140‚ USA dar@ll.mit.edu Synonyms GMM; Mixture model; Gaussian mixture density Definition A Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is a parametric probability density function represented as a weighted sum of Gaussian component densities. GMMs are commonly used as a parametric model of the probability distribution of continuous measurements or features in a biometric system‚ such as vocal-tract related
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| Distillation is defined as: `Distillation is based on the fact that the vapor of a boiling mixture will be richer in the components that have lower boiling points.Therefore‚ when this vapor is cooled and condensed‚ the condensate will contain more volatile components. At the same time‚ the original mixture will contain more of the less volatile material. Distillation columns are designed to achieve this separation efficiently.Although many people have a fair idea what “distillation” means‚ the
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kerosene with banana peels to create a substance suitable for use polishing your wooden floors. This home-made floor wax will give a comparable shine and smoothness to that of commercial products‚ and the oil in the kerosene counteracts the banana peel ’s stickiness to ensure the finished sheen isn ’t tacky. Things You ’ll Need Large mixing pot 28 oz. paraffin wax crystals 3 1/2 oz. polyethylene wax crystals 6 3/4 pt. kerosene Peels from 10 to 15 full-sized bananas 10 sq. ft.
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Coconut oil’s competitors The competitors of coconut oil can be divided into 2 into groups direct competitors and indirect competitors. For direct competitors consist of the existing cooking coconut-oil producers that transform coconut oil into solid form and put it in clear glass bottle and liquid form in plastic bottle. The second group is indirect competitors which consist of the products that are used to for frying‚ baking‚ food preparation‚ flavoring that doesn’t involve heat and other types
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