Capital Expenditure vs Working Capital Capital expenditures are money spent by a company to acquire long-term assets. It is neither for short-term gain nor can be easily translated into cash. These investments are inevitable to ensure the continuing business operations and also for future expansion of the company. Types of Capital Expenditures Typically‚ capital expenditure refers to the expenses that a company incurred to purchase tangible fixed assets and intangible assets. Additionally
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Circular Flow of Income and Expenditure The circular flow of income and expenditure refers to the process whereby the national income and expenditure of an economy flow in a circular manner continuously through time. The various components of national income and expenditure such as saving‚ investment‚ taxation‚ government expenditure‚ exports‚ imports‚ etc are shown on diagrams in the form of currents and cross-currents in such a manner that national income equals national expenditure.
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Revenue and Capital Expenditure Revenue and Capital expenditure are slightly different. Revenue expenditure is money that is spent on items that are only going to be used once‚ such as printer paper‚ stock‚ repairs‚ petrol etc. These items would go under expenses in the profit and loss account and would be included as part of revenue in balance sheet. Capital Expenditure is money spent by a business on items that are going to be used more than one time‚ for example machinery‚ buildings and
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How to : Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) Data flow diagram (DFD) is a picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system Order CUSTOMER Status Message Status Data 2.0 Shipping Confirmation In-Stock Request WAREHOUSE 1.0 Shipping Order Check Status Order Data D1 Pending Orders 3.0 Issue Status Messages Order Data Payment Invoice Manage Accounts Receivable 5.0 Accounting Data Accounts Receivable Data
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In the late 1970s data-flow diagrams (DFDs) were introduced and popularized for structured analysis and design (Gane and Sarson 1979). DFDs show the flow of data from external entities into the system‚ showed how the data moved from one process to another‚ as well as its logical storage. Figure 1 presents an example of a DFD using the Gane and Sarson notation. There are only four symbols: Squares representing external entities‚ which are sources or destinations of data. Rounded rectangles
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Report Merchandise Company’s accounting in Bishkek. Feisal Zarina WEC-3 Shaamyrzaeva Meerim WEC-3 Musabecova Jyldyz WEC-3 Aytpay kyzy Ayzad WEC-3 Merchandise is household‚ personal use‚ or commercial goods‚ wares‚ commodities‚ bought and sold in wholesale and retail. In Bishkek there are a lot of merchandising companies‚ which uses accounting in their activities. According to the law they do not have to divulge this information that is why we had some problems to make this
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|Case Study: Data for Sale | |Management Information System | | | |
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There are different ways in how two income statements are prepared. For example: the income statement (also known as P&L) of a merchandising company consists of Revenue‚ Expenses (related to the sales volume through the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) and General & Administrative Expense (G&SA)‚ which all result in Net Income. The income statement of a Service company consists of Service Revenue minus any Expenses related to that service‚ which results in Net Income. Another way to look at it is that
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Using Data Flow Diagrams Data flow diagram is used by system analyst to put together a graphical representation of data processes throughout the organization. It depicts the broadest possible overview of system inputs‚ processes‚ and outputs. A series of layered data flow diagrams may be used to represent and analyze detailed procedures in the larger system. By using combinations of only four symbols‚ the system analyst can create a pictorial depiction of processes that will eventually provide
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Capital Expenditure Valuation Methods The payback period is the time it takes for a project or investments cash outflows to be recovered by cash inflows generated from the same project or investment. It is a very simple and commonly used capital budgeting technique. The formula used to compute the payback period is initial investment divided by cash inflow per period. You generally want to choose the investment that provides the shortest payback period‚ because you will get you cash back and it
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