Sustainability Nowadays one of the main challenges of the construction industry is to improve the image in terms of sustainability. Sustainability is defined as the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Institutions have currently given sustainability more importance than it has ever received‚ mainly due to laws and regulations introduced by the governments of economically developed countries. In addition‚
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The past and the present Our life is like a triangle‚ past‚ present‚ future is like three different vertices in one triangle. Each of them has their own world but they are interknitted by each other. Memory and physical world is a pair of intriguing words which effect each other. Our present is consist of many pieces of the past and we can learn lessons from the experience of the past to affect the present life. Thus‚ how to deal with the relationship between memory and physical world
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Erik Ottosson & Fredrik Weissenrieder‚ 1996-03-01 CVA Cash Value Added - a new method for measuring financial performance Erik Ottosson Strategic Controller Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget SCA Box 7827 S-103 97 Stockholm Sweden Fredrik Weissenrieder Department of Economics Gothenburg University and Consultant within Value Based Management FWC AB Aschebergsgatan 22 S-411 27 Göteborg Sweden Study No 1996:1 CVA Cash Value Added – A new method for measuring financial performance Erik Ottosson
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above meaning of economic profit- Stern Stewart & Co. recognised that management’s goal should be to maximise the market value of company but also that this could not be done in isolation from the capital invested in the company. Thus‚ management should aim to maximise the difference between the market value and the invested capital (debt + equity); this is known as market value added or MVA. However‚ higher MVA is the result of management action and not a tool in itself. SIMILAR TO DCF where the
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Customer Lifetime Value (SMALL BOOK 167-177) * Customer lifetime value (CLV)‚ is the net present value of the cash flows attributed to the relationship with a customer. * The use of customer lifetime value as a marketing metric tends to place greater emphasis on customer service and long-term customer satisfaction‚ rather than on maximizing short-term sales. * Two approaches to CLV: * Disaggregate (“spreadsheet”)– Complex and cumbersome‚ but allows you to build in any assumptions
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Persuasive writing draft – 1 Learning about the past is of no value because we live in the present Against the statement/ motion Someone once said that if we use a pistol to shoot the past‚ the future will use cannon to shoot us. History is a very important aspect of society. People strongly believe that they can learn a vast number of significant lessons from the past‚ because these lessons will give them the motivation towards success and teach them how to avoid a lot of mistakes. Each country
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Abstract This essay will discuss the net present value (NPV)‚ payback period (PBP) and internal rate of return (IRR) approaches for a project evaluation. It is often said that NPV is the best approach investment appraisal‚ which I why I will compare the strengths and weaknesses of NPV as well as the two others to se if the statement is actually true. Introduction To start of‚ the essay will attempt to explain the theoretical rationale of the net present value approach to investment appraisal as well
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upgrade for the plant. The NPV and IRR seem to relay heavily on the terminal value of the pipeline. The Japanese technology might be more efficient in the long run than the upgrades. The Merseyside project is much simpler and costs aren’t spread over 3 years. 3. Is Elizabeth Eustace’s treatment of the right-of-way correct in her spreadsheet analysis? I don’t think it is at all correct to assume the terminal value will be $40 million in 15 years. Projecting 15 years out is a very long time
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The internal rate of return (IRR) and the net present value (NPV) techniques are 2 investment decision tools that satisfy the 2 major criteria for the correct evaluation of capital projects. This criterion is that the techniques should incorporate the use of cash flows and the use of the time value of money. This makes them viable techniques for evaluating investment proposals. The Net Present Value is one of the techniques that are used by firms when evaluating which investment proposals to take
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The Value of Organizational Values What’s the value in values? Organizational values define the acceptable standards which govern the behaviour of individuals within the organization. Without such values‚ individuals will pursue behaviours that are in line with their own individual value systems‚ which may lead to behaviours that the organization doesn’t wish to encourage. In a smaller‚ co-located organization‚ the behaviour of individuals is much more visible than in larger‚ disparate ones
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