Through his papacy‚ the view of the Bishop of Rome changed into a character that was not only chief patriarch of the Church‚ but a figure who also held an unchallenged supremacy politically as well. Yet‚ throughout his ever growing success‚ he always maintained a humble spirit‚ never taking
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raised if these sacraments were still valid. The council’s general answer to this question was that they remained true sacraments in the catholic sense if the persons performing them kept a catholic understanding of the sacraments. For example if bishops ordained ministers without intending to ordain them as priests in the catholic sense‚ those ordinations were not valid as far as the Catholic Church was concerned. Or if two protestant Christians married with the idea that they could someday divorce
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The beginnings of the practice of philosophy were rooted in the development of a universal truth and its relations to religious‚ artistic‚ and economic structures. Friedrich Nietzsche‚ a 19th century philosopher‚ destroyed this practice entirely by “rebuilding” philosophy from the ground up‚ being completely skeptical of every finding that had come before him. This included the principles of Christianity‚ which Nietzsche criticized deeply in his work Beyond Good and Evil. He particularly denounced
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Pope Leo Xiii Pope Leo XIII Pope Leo XIII was the first pope to try and bring the Roman Catholic Church into harmony with the modern world. He continued the efforts of his predecessor Pius IX to gain independence for the Vatican from Italy. It could be argued that Christianity Survived through Pope Leo XIII because of his political and social work. Pope Leo XIII’s real name was Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci. He was born on March 2‚ 1810‚ in Carpineto‚ Italy. Vincenzo Gioacchino
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many adversities or triumphs of a structured society. Whether it be civil war‚ the fall of an empire‚ or the rise of an empire‚ It can be found in the history of Rome. Just as Jesus Christ was crucified in Rome in 33 A.D‚ Gregory the Great was named bishop of Rome in 590 A.D. He professed himself as pope and the head of the “universal church‚” which supported the petrine theory and affirmed the title for his two-hundred successors. The Catholic church has been a prominent institution for Catholics to
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Final Assignment in Pittsburgh: 1964–68 The new setting was entirely different from the previous two. It was a large parish with a majority of college-educated adults‚ many successful businesspersons‚ upper-level managers of large Pittsburgh companies‚ and an elderly pastor who was kind but still constrained by his rigid theological training from the 1930’s. He allowed me freedom to do much of what I wanted to do. I recall our first evening meal together. I had been to a civil-rights march in downtown
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Is the Second Vatican Council still relevant within the Catholic religion considering the evolution of its ideals and support for more modern societal perspectives? In recent times there has been a change in the response on society within contemporary issues such as Marriage‚ divorce‚ abortion and IVF. Considering these changes we need to understand the relevance that the Second Vatican Council still has in our modern day society. The Vatican Church has also experienced a noticeable to perhaps a
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away the church’s land and change the tradition of the Catholic Church in France. The Civil Constitution of the Clergy wants Church officials to be elected instead of appointed. Elections are not subject to papal confirmation which means that the new bishop may not apply to the pope for any form of confirmation. The new constitution states that the clergy must swear an oath to France first and God and the pope second. They want us to become loyal servants of the state instead of servants of God and the
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World Religions Report Stephanie Webb Axia College University of Phoenix HUM 130 Introduction The Catholic religion in the new world was led by ordinary men that wanted to form a church in similar structure to the church in England. Catholics during this time period were a minority as the first settlers of the new world were primarily Protestants. So Protestants during this time period outnumbered Catholics. Catholics wanted to keep
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Post Classical Religion Compare and Contrast Essay In the post classical world there were various aspects that made an impact on civilizations. One crucial aspects was religion. Religion was the feature that societies looked to for guidance and sometimes even governance. This was especially true in Medieval Europe and the Byzantine Empire‚ where they both saw Christianity as a great influence on their societies. Although this is true for both‚ religion in Medieval Europe and the Byzantine Empire
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