Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM): Pros and Cons. CAPM defines the relationship between risk and return. The premise of the model is that the expected investment return varies in direct proportion to its risk‚ i.e.‚ the riskier the investment - the higher the return you should expect. Shows: • how much risk you are taking when investing in an instrument? • whether the instrument is rightly priced • whether you are getting sufficient return for the risk you are taking CAPM calculates the
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GENERAL PRICING APPROACHES There are four general pricing approaches: Mark-up pricing - The practice of adding a constant percentage to the cost price of an item to arrive at its selling price. Mark-up pricing is a pricing strategy in which the cost of the product is first calculated then a proportion of its markup was added. It is used primarily because it is easy to calculate and requires little information. An example of this are the retail stores. Value-based pricing - also value optimized
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Introduction A difficult characteristic to understand about the housing market is how a price is given for a particular house. That price will be designated to that particular house alone. All houses have various pricing‚ so I can’t always assume that one will cost more or less than any other. The pricing for houses vary based on their characteristics. Each characteristic must be analyzed to determine its contribution or detraction toward the price. I have taken some of these characteristics and modeled the
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Introduction Pricing is an important strategic issue because it is related to product positioning. There are many ways to price a product‚ eg. price skimming‚ penetration pricing‚ etc. Price skimming is a pricing strategy in which a marketer sets a relatively high price for a product or service at first‚ and then lowers the price over time where a new‚ innovative‚ or much-improved product is launched onto a market. The objective with skimming is to “skim” off customers who are willing to pay more
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strategic analysis was carried out in accordance with the Strategy Formulation Framework which was developed by Fred David. The strategic formulation framework encompasses three primary stages which comprises of the input stage‚ the matching stage and the decision stage. The report contains seven chapters and the first chapter is the introduction where each chapter of the report is described briefly. The second chapter describes the Strategy Formulation Framework. The descriptions in this chapter are
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Annual Report 2009 2009 Highlights: Comparable Sales Growth 3.8% Earnings Per Share Growth 9% Total Cash Returned to Shareholders 2007–2009 $ 16.6 Billion To Our Valued Shareholders: To state the obvious‚ 2009 was a tumultuous year economically. Despite this tough environment‚ McDonald’s delivered another exceptional year of growth‚ posting strong sales and increased market share around the world. In 2009‚ global comparable sales increased 3.8 percent‚ fueled by solid
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Management Decision Emerald Article: Differential pricing and segmentation on the Internet: the case of hotels Rama Yelkur‚ Maria Manuela Nêveda DaCosta Article information: To cite this document: Rama Yelkur‚ Maria Manuela Nêveda DaCosta‚ (2001)‚"Differential pricing and segmentation on the Internet: the case of hotels"‚ Management Decision‚ Vol. 39 Iss: 4 pp. 252 - 262 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251740110391411 Downloaded on: 15-11-2012 References: This document
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Pricing Introduction Peter Drucker‚ who is widely regarded as the greatest management thinkers of our time once said: “Because the purpose of business is to create a customer‚ the business enterprise has two–and only two–basic functions: marketing and innovation. Marketing and innovation produce results; all the rest are costs. Marketing is the distinguishing‚ unique function of the business.” Looking at the problems faced by most businesses today‚ it seems obvious that Drucker was right when he
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Atlantic Computer: A bundle of Pricing Options Problem Statement: The key problem that Atlantic Computers are facing is the increasing market segment of Basic Servers‚ that is dominated by Ontario due to their pricing advantage. Due to this‚ Atlantic Computers are required to review their pricing and marketing strategy in order to stay competitive. Situation Analysis: Atlantic Computer‚ Inc.‚ is the largest player in the overall computer industry and have been competing in the server
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flights each to Penang‚ Kota Bahru and Miri. Except that‚ they serve other destination also‚ it is alor setar and tawau. Recently their performance is boost and they will closely to take over the domestic airlines market. They have a very good price strategy to increasing their customer volume and gain more profit. That’s why today there is a tight
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