1 Secondary data analysis: an introduction All data are the consequence of one person asking questions of someone else. (Jacob 1984: 43) This chapter introduces the field of secondary data analysis. It begins by considering what it is that we mean by secondary data analysis‚ before describing the type of data that might lend itself to secondary analysis and the ways in which the approach has developed as a research tool in social and educational research. The second part of the chapter considers
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DATA ORGANIZATION‚ PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS Research Methods 1 Data Organization and Presentation To make interpretation and analysis of gathered data easier‚ data should be organized and presented properly. The usual methods used by researchers are textual‚ tables‚ graphs and charts. 1.1 Textual Data can be presented in the form of texts‚ phrases or paragraphs. It involves enumerating important characteristics‚ emphasizing significant figures and identifying important features of
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UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 1 Open Data Strategy June 2012 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 2 Contents Summary ................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ................................................................................................ 5 Information Principles for the UK Public Sector ......................................... 6 Big Data .......................................................................
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Data Anomalies Normalization is the process of splitting relations into well-structured relations that allow users to inset‚ delete‚ and update tuples without introducing database inconsistencies. Without normalization many problems can occur when trying to load an integrated conceptual model into the DBMS. These problems arise from relations that are generated directly from user views are called anomalies. There are three types of anomalies: update‚ deletion and insertion anomalies. An update anomaly
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billion bytes of data in digital form be it on social media‚ blogs‚ purchase transaction record‚ purchasing pattern of middle class families‚ amount of waste generated in a city‚ no. of road accidents on a particular highways‚ data generated by meteorological department etc. This huge size of data generated is known as big data. Generally managers use data to arrive at decision. Marketers use data analytics to determine customer preferences and their purchasing pattern. Big data has tremendous potential
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starts here" and "Internet of Everything" advertising campaigns. These efforts were designed to position Cisco for the next ten years into a global leader in connecting the previously unconnected and facilitate the IP address connectivity of people‚ data‚ processes and things through cloud computing applications and services. Cisco’s current portfolio of products and services is focused upon three market segments—Enterprise and
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|Case Study: Data for Sale | |Management Information System | | | |
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2 Areas of data processing 1. Business Data processing (BDP) . Business data processing is characterized by the need to establish‚ retain‚ and process files of data for producing useful information. Generally‚ it involves a large volume of input data‚ limited arithmetical operations‚ and a relatively large volume of output. For example‚ a large retail store must maintain a record for each customer who purchases on account‚ update the balance owned on each account‚ and a periodically present a
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and on Windows platform. CHAPTER 2 SYSTEM ANALYSIS 2.1 INTRODUCTION Systems analysis is a process of collecting factual data‚ understand the processes involved‚ identifying problems and recommending feasible suggestions for improving the system functioning. This involves studying the business processes‚ gathering operational data‚ understand the information flow‚ finding out bottlenecks and evolving solutions for overcoming the weaknesses of the system so as to achieve the organizational
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having too much data‚ and what to do about them There is rarely an instance of business that you can encounter that does not involve the processing of data on information systems these days. Businesses and organizations use information systems in a majority of their functions‚ and as a result‚ are creating mass amounts of data. Because data is so crucial to business operations‚ it is being gathered‚ stored‚ and utilized in exponential amounts compared to the previous decade. These data stores can
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