concept of elasticity of demand In the real world‚ prices of different products vary day by day‚ however‚ the effect it has on the demand is a concept that is very important to understand. When a consumer has an ability or willingness to buy a certain number of products at a given price‚ it is known as demand. Elasticity of demand is the measure of change in quantity demanded of a product when there is change in factors that effect demand. There are 3 main types of elasticity of demand; Price elasticity
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One definition of elasticity is what happens to consumer demand for a good when prices increase. As the price of a good rises‚ consumers will usually demand a lower quantity of that good‚ perhaps by consuming less‚ substituting other goods‚ and so on and the demand of complementary product will also be less. The greater the extent to which demand falls as price rises‚ the greater the price elasticity of demand. Conversely‚ as the price of a good falls‚ consumers will usually demand a greater quantity
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Demand and Elasticity Linear demand curve: Q = a – bP Elasticity: E d = (ΔQ/ΔP)/(P/Q) = -b(P/Q) E d = -1 in the middle of demand curve (up is more elastic) Total revenue and Elasticity: Elastic: Ed < -1 ↑P→↓R (↑P by 15%→↓Q by 20%) Inelastic: 0 > Ed > -1 ↑P→↑R (↑P by 15%→↓Q by 3%) Unit elastic: Ed = -1 R remains the same (↑P by 15%→↓Q by 15%) MR: positive expansion effect (P(Q) – sell of additional units) + price reduction effect (reduces revenues because of lower price (ΔP/ΔQ)/Q)
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application of Price elasticity and Income elasticity of demand. Practical application of price elasticity of demand is as follows: • Production planning - It helps the producer to decide about the volume of production. If the demand for his products is inelastic‚ specific quantities can be produced while he has to produce different quantities if the demand is elastic. • Helps in fixing the prices of different goods - It helps a producer to fix his price of his product. If the demand of his product
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7048600.stm Wednesday‚ 2 January 2008‚ 22:36 GMT What is driving oil prices so high? Oil prices have hit a record high at $100 a barrel. Prices have doubled from the rates seen in January 2007 and more than quadrupled since 2002. What factors are causing this unremitting increase and what are the likely consequences for consumers and the global economy? What is causing the latest price spike? This was triggered by concerns about violence in Nigeria and Algeria as well as the
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Supply and Demand on the Price of Oil Each time you pull up to the pump or open your utility bill‚ you may notice the price of fuel may have changed. There are many factors that can influence fuel prices. The marketplace forces of supply and demand determine the price of fuel. If demand grows or if a disruption in supply occurs‚ there will be upward pressure on prices. By the same token‚ if demand falls or there is an oversupply of product in the market‚ there will be downward pressure on prices. Those
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Price elasticity of demand (PED) is defined as the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of a good or service to a change in its price. Price Elasticity of Demand Percentage Change in Quantity Demand for product A Percentage Change in Price for Product A So‚ Percentage Change in Quantity Demand for Product A = PED X Percentage Change in Price for Product A Given‚ PED of Books= 2‚ Percentage Change in Price for Books = 10% So‚ Percentage Change in Demand for Books = 2 X 10% = 20%
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State the factors affecting the price elasticity of demand? The type of product will affect the price elasticity of demand i.e. a necessity such as petrol will have a inelastic demand as it is a must have for consumers so a change in price will cause only a minor change in price whereas if a product is not a necessity for consumers it will have an elastic demand meaning a small change in price could lead to a greater change in quantity demanded The proportion of the consumers income spent on a product
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formalized the concept of elasticity and explain the concept. The economist Alfred Marshall formalized the concept of elasticity; he introduced this concept in the law of supply and demand. The actual concept is a little confusing to me‚ what I get from the concept is that we use elasticity when we want to see how one thing changes when we change something else. How does demand for a good change when we change its price? How does the demand for a good change when the price of a substitute good changes
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by event Shift in supply‚ demand‚ or both. Explain your answer. Change in equilibrium Frozen orange crops in California Orange juice Supply (left)—Not as many available oranges to offer consumers. Price will increase and quantity will decrease. Hurricanes in the Gulf Coast Tourism Demand (left) because not as many people are going to want to travel there due to the Threat of hurricanes and the damage from a hurricane will make less availability of hotels. Price will decrease and so will the
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