Demand is the quantity of goods or services consumers will buy at a particular price‚ at a particular time period. Market demand refers to the sum of individual demand for a good or service. It is assumed that the demand being represented is effective demand- the ability of consumers not just to want‚ but be able to buy the product. Quantity demanded is the inverse function of price‚ however there are other factors which influence the level of demand. Factors influencing individual demand differ
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Demand and Supply I Learning Objective:- Demand • Explain the concepts of demand • Explain the law of demand • Distinguish between movement along and shift of the demand curve • Analyse the effects of changes in the price & the non-price determinants of demand INTRODUCTION Supply and demand are the two words that economists use most often. INTRODUCTION MARKETS • Buyers determine demand. • Sellers determine supply. Demand • Demand:- quantity which people are willing and able to buy at
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to an increase of 10% in income. Then the income elasticity of demand would be‚ Ey= (20%)/(10%)=2 The amount which the quantity demanded for a good change in response to a change in income depends on the type of goods. We can distinguish the types of goods as following‚ Normal goods - Ey > 0 – positive YED Luxury goods - Ey > 1 Necessities - 0 < Ey < 1 Inferior products - Ey < 0 – negative YED Let’s see how the income elasticity of demand deviates for normal goods and inferior products‚ Normal
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CHAPTER 2 THE BASICS OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND 1. Consider a competitive market for which the quantities demanded and supplied (per year) at various prices are given as follows: Price ($ ) Demand Supply (millions) (millions) 60 22 14 80
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Demand and Supply Analysis 1. Demand indicates how much of a good consumers are willing and able to buy at each possible price during a given time period‚ other things constant. 2. The process to satisfy human wants/ needs/desires. * Want: having a strong desire for something * Need: lack of means of subsistence * Desire: an aspiration to acquire something 3. Demand: effective desire 4. Demand is that desire which backed by willingness and ability to buy a particular commodity
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exogenous (external) forces are equal in magnitude‚ while supply–demand curves are unitary elastic. Given a certain event/scenario‚ (a) analyze the curve/s affected‚ shifts or movements and the direction‚ and (b) effect to equilibrium price (P*) and equilibrium quantity (Q*) Scenario 1 a. Prices of optical drives suddenly increase The production cost has increased so the supply decreases and eventually the price go up. The supply curve shifts to the left. b. A new market-standard
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of a product is the price elasticities and how they vary over the product’s life cycle. The PLC can be divided into several stages characterized by the revenue generated by the product. As the product progresses in its life cycle‚ changes in pricing are usually required in each phase‚ in order to adjust to the evolving challenges and opportunities. - During the introduction stage‚ the primary goal is to establish a market and build a primary demand for the product set. Prices are usually high‚ assuming
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Demand of Fruits and their prices Aim and Objective of this study: As the Indian population is increasing‚ the demand for fresh fruits and vegetables is also increasing. Owing to the perishable nature and very short shelf life‚ these items require storage and transportation facilities in order to reach to the customer in fresh state. This requires a considerable amount of effort from the involved parties. The entire chain is fraught with issues like lack of transparency in pricing (at the farmers’
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effects on he demand and/or supply‚ equilibrium price‚ and equilibrium quantity of chocolate ice cream. * A sever drought in the Midwest causes dairy farmers to reduce the number of milk- producing cows in their herds by a third. These dairy farmers supply cream that is used to manufacture chocolate ice cream? By reducing the number of milk-producing cows in famer’s herds‚ supply will fall. A shortage of cream now exists and the market is no longer in equilibrium. The price of chocolate ice
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example‚ the price of gas in California is about 10% higher than the national average. California is one of the largest states in the USA in population and land. Californians choose to drive everywhere and mostly alone‚ causing the demand for petroleum in the state to rise immensely which increases the supply. The Law of Supply states that the amount of product supplied increases as the prices increase as long as other factors are constant‚ and vice versa‚ if supplies decrease so will the prices. The Law
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