An Empirical Investigation of Arbitrage Pricing Theory: A case Zimbabwe Petros Jecheche University of Zimbabwe ABSTRACT This study investigates the Arbitrage Pricing Theory for the case of Zimbabwe using time series data from 1980 to 2005 within a vector autoregressive (VAR) framework. The Granger causality tests are conducted to establish the existence of causality among the variables like inflation‚ exchange rate and Gross Domestic Product. The VAR estimates as shown by the impulse response
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Marketing strategy of the product or service The “Marketing Mix” is a business tool used in marketing products. It is classified into “four Ps”: product strategy‚ distribution (place) strategy‚ communication (promotion) strategy and pricing strategy. “Four Ps” are the variables that marketing managers can control in order to best satisfy customers in the target market. Product Strategy Product differentiation strategy A product strategy identifies that how companies plan to sell their products
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Questions 1. Ethical Standards a. Can a multinational firm adopt varying ethical standards [such as with regard to product safety (Pinto)‚ employee benefits (Nike) and “kickbacks” to win business (Siemens)] in its global operations? Why or Why Not? Discuss in depth based on the goals of multinational corporations? (Be sure to identify the merits and demerits for both options). (Read: Class notes and discussions) - A multinational corporation (MNC) is a business firm incorporated in one
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transition to a five star hotel without firing most of the six-hundred employees or spending a large amount on re-training the existing ones. Discussion 1. Could the management of the HI team have been more culturally sensitive and was its strategy correct to achieve its goals? 2. How could HI have better prepared for the takeover? 3. Could Tian Wen‚ the former Chinese general manager‚ have been used in a more advantageous way? In this case‚ the main focus is collision of the two different
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Products Strategies The current strategy for KFC Malaysia of the product strategy varies; they have used many strategies in order to perform well in the market. Below are some of their current strategies. Value Their current value added of their product is collaboration with hotlink‚ that when customer receives a sms from hotlink‚ they can go redeem the product of discounted food from KFC Malaysia outlet. Another value added of their products is free gifts‚ drinks upgrade to bigger portion. Scope
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year‚ Hansel and Gretel has being experiencing a fall in their sales which is most retail shops sometimes experience. The firm can increase their sales through the use of many strategies such as location retail‚ promotional retail‚ diversification retail‚ relationship retail and pricing retail strategies. Retail Location Strategy The location of a shop is one of the most important factors in having a retail shop because the shop is the meeting point of the consumers and the brand. Hansel and Gretel’s
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fluctuations in foreign exchange rates have on the pricing decisions of export marketing managers? Globalization is no longer an abstraction but a stark reality that virtually all firms‚ large and a small‚ face. Firms that want to survive in the 21st century must confront all encompassing force that pervades every aspect of business. However‚ exchange rate fluctuation is an issue that affects the decisions marketing managers make about pricing. Management faces different decision situations‚
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research topic: The implication of conditional betas on the Fama-French three factor model Introduction CAPM has been an active area of research over the past half century since the introduction of Sharpe development of the capital asset pricing model. Much progress has been made in the early years on the linear relationship between expected return and beta(Black‚ Jensen and Scholes 1972 and Fama and MacBeth 1973). Later studies however show weak empirical evidence on these relationships
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An Alternative Retail Pricing Policy for Petroleum Products: A Case Study of Gasoline and High Speed Diesel in Thailand Thiraphong Vikitset School of Development Economics National Institute of Development Administration 118 Seri Thai Road‚ Bangkapi District‚ Bangkok 10240‚ Thailand E-mail: thiraphongv@yahoo.com. 2 Abstract This article examines the retail pricing policy of gasoline and high speed diesel in Thailand. The pricing policy of these two products is characterized by cross price
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Marketing strategy is defined by David Aaker as a process that can allow an organization to concentrate its resources on the optimal opportunities with the goals of increasing sales and achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. Marketing strategy includes all basic and long-term activities in the field of marketing that deal with the analysis of the strategic initial situation of a company and the formulation‚ evaluation and selection of market-oriented strategies and therefore contribute to
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