Foundations of Psychology Tiara Clark PSY/300 March 1‚ 2015 Mrs. Cara Patterson Foundations of Psychology The study of psychology is fundamental to understanding mental processes and human behaviors. In the earlier years of psychology‚ there were two schools of thought that dominated: structuralism and functionalism. Structuralism focused on the structure and content of consciousness while functionalism focused on the function of psychological processes
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Brain cells‚ hormones‚ and genes (etc) relate to everything one thinks‚ feels‚ does. Biological Psychology: The study of the cells and organs of the body + the phys/chem changes in behavior + mental processes. • Behaviours and mental processes influenced by biology‚ biological processes by environment as well Nervous system : Complex combination of cells that mainly function to let an organism gain information about what is going on inside/outside body and how to respond to it. Three functions
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Biological Criminal Behavior The studies of biological behaviors have shown that criminals with a passion for their crime tend to have a genetic or physiological issue that plays a major part in their criminal activities. Gary Ridgway and John Hinckley Jr. portrayed significant degrees of physiological issues that may have contributed to the crimes they committed. Lack of education‚ moral support‚ love‚ and self-accomplishments may have also provided behaviors out of the norm. Criminal activities
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CH2 – Foundations of Individual Behavior Ability * Everyone has strengths and weaknesses that make them superior or inferior to others * Ability refers to an individuals capacity to perform various tasks * Intellectual * Mental activities * Assessed by GMA (General Mental Ability)‚ takes into account aptitude‚ verbal comp‚ perceptual speed‚ inductive/deductive reasoning‚ spatial visualization‚ memory * High score in one cat usually means high score
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Motivation and Hunger A. Perspectives on Motivation 1. Motivation: a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior B. Instincts and Evolutionary Psychology 2. Instinct: a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned 3. Human innate tendency such as infant’s rooting and sucking C. Drives and Incentives 4. Drive-reduction Theory: the idea that physiological need creates an aroused tensions state (a
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Biological Basis of Behavior William James- mental activity is also physiological activity Neuron- basic unit of the nervous system *Each neuron is a living cell with a nucleus and other parts common to all cells. Three main parts of the neuron: 1. Dendrites: the receiving part of the nucleus 2. Cell body (Soma): The processing part Electrochemical Transmission 3. Axon: the transmitting part Normal habit change: Doing the same behavior over and over again (same neurons being used over and over)
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The Foundations of Psychology General Psychology/PSY300 January 12‚ 2010 Lena Klumper‚ P.h.D The Foundations of Psychology “Psychology is the scientific investigation of mental processes and behavior” (Kowalski & Weston‚ 2009‚ p. 28). Psychologists practice examining biological makeup‚ experience and functioning‚ and cultural and historical moments in a person simultaneously (Kowalski & Weston‚ 2009). The foundations of psychology include five major schools of thought: (1) Structuralism
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The Foundations of Group Behavior - Presentation Transcript 1. THE FOUNDATIONS OF GROUP BEHAVIOR AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR By: Stephen Robbins & Timothy Judge Prepared by: GREGAR DONAVEN E. VALDEHUEZA‚ MBA Lourdes College Instructor 2. Learning Objectives * Differentiate between formal and informal groups. * Compare two models of group development. * Explain how role requirements change in different situations. * Describe how norms exert
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Chapter 9 Foundations of Group Behavior MULTIPLE CHOICE Defining and Classifying Groups 1. Which one of the following characteristics is not necessarily true about groups? a. Group members are interdependent. b. Groups have two or more members. c. Groups have assigned goals. d. Groups interact. e. Groups have particular objectives. (c; Moderate; Groups; p. 284) 2. What sort of groups is defined by the organization’s structure? a. informal
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Chapter 2 Foundations of Individual Behavior Biographical Characteristics Personal characteristics— such as age‚ gender‚ and marital status— that are objective and easily obtained from personnel records. Age Tenure of the Employees Marital Status Gender Biographical Characteristics Ability‚ Intellect‚ and Intelligence Ability- An individual’s capacity to perform the various tasks in a job. Intellectual Ability- The capacity to do mental activities. Multiple Intelligences-
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