A budget can be defined as an itemized listing of the amount of all estimated revenue or income which the school anticipates receiving‚ along with a listing of the amount of all estimated costs and expenses that will be incurred during a given period of time (Wango Geoffrey‚ 2009:211). A school budget can be defined as a document or statement outlining a school’s revenue (income) projections against expenditure. A school budget can also be defined as a financial plan of funds that a school expects
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THE BUDGET BALANCE • Budget balance (savings by government) is defined by: where : tax revenues : government purchases of goods and services : value of government transfers • Recall that a positive budget balance is a budget surplus‚ and a negative budget balance is a budget deficit. • Effects of fiscal policies: o Expansionary fiscal policies (increased government purchases‚ higher government transfers‚ lower taxes) decrease the budget balance. o
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The 3 Principal Financial Statements I. The balance Sheet Snapshot of the financial condition of a firm - Measured on a given date ASSETS = LIABILITIES + EQUITY • Assets : What you have - INVESTING - USES • Liabilities : What you owe - FINANCING – SOURCES a) Assets • An asset is a resource that has a potential future economic (i.e. generate future cash inflows or reduce future cash outflows). • An asset is recognized when: It is acquired in a past transaction or exchange The
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Introduction What Is A Budget? "A budget is a plan." More specifically‚ a budget is a plan of action matched by resources required to implement the plan. Budgets generally divide between two broad categories: the operating budget‚ sometimes known as the "expense" budget and the capital budget. Budget in simple word means a sum of money allocated for a particular purpose. Budget is there in everyone’s life‚ it may be a small or a big one. Budget is a tool which helps in controlling and planning the
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ACC 3515 – MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING SEM 1 2014/2015 FLEXIBLE BUDGETING 1. The following overhead data are for a department in a large company. Actual Costs Incurred Static Budget Activity level (in units) 200 220 Variable costs: Supplies $4‚050 $4‚906 Power $1‚690 $1‚892 Fixed costs: Administration $6‚240 $6‚200 Depreciation $6‚280 $6‚200 Required: Prepare a report that would be useful in assessing how well costs were controlled in this department. 2. Hempstead Corporation
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From traditional budget planning to zero-based budgeting (Relevant to PBE Paper II: Management Accounting and Finance) Dr Fong Chun Cheong‚ Steve‚ School of Business‚ Macao Polytechnic Institute Introduction A budget is an important financial plan that incorporates a systematic analysis and interpretation of financial forecasts in terms of products‚ markets and the application of resources. It requires managers to plan. It needs operational and financial resources information for decision making
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As we discussed and read about this week in our class‚ the topic of the US Budget and how‚ why and what should we do about it has become a topic with many views and opinions. The United States of America currently holds over 16 Trillion dollars in debt based on our governments spending practices for the last ten years. Two wars‚ numerous fiscal collapses and cliffs‚ a bubble popped housing market‚ looming medical care costs from a socialized healthcare law and a recession have caused the government
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that month’s estimated sales. This is exactly the amount of material on hand on January 1. c. The direct labor used per unit of output is two hours. The average direct labor cost per hour is $15. d. Overhead each month is estimated using a flexible budget formula. (Activity is measured in direct labor hours.) [pic] .:. e. Monthly selling and administrative expenses are also estimated using a flexible budgeting formula. (Activity is measured in units sold.) [pic] .:. f. The unit selling price
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Monthly Cash Budget | | February | March | April | Receipts: | | | | Cash Sales | $ 636‚000 | $ 614‚000 | $ 556‚000 | Credit Sales | $ 4‚195‚913 | $ 4‚038‚450 | $ 3‚863‚200 | | $ 4‚831‚913 | $ 4‚652‚450 | $ 4‚419‚200 | Payments: | | | | Salaries and Wages | $ 874‚000 | $ 916‚000 | $
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Managaging the budget efficiently should be a very important goal for law makers because later on most of the nation will be threaten. With the baby boomers becoming eligible for service such as social security‚ medicare and other government assistance . because of the aging population services will be cut for those who are not eligible for retirmane or medicare . government services will decrease because the federal government will face more challenges and a much higher budget. Cutting services
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