EconomicThis document has been made available on www.actuaries.org.uk with the permission of the Society of Actuaries‚ Schaumburg‚ Illinois. Copyright 2008. Specialty Guide on Economic Capital Version 1.5 March 2004 Specialty Guide on Economic Capital Section I. II. Page FOREWORD...................................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW .........................................................
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CAPITAL BUDGETING The process in which a business determines whether projects such as building a new plant or investing in a long-term venture are worth pursuing. Oftentimes‚ a prospective project’s lifetime cash inflows and outflows are assessed in order to determine whether the returns generated meet a sufficient target benchmark. Also known as "investment appraisal." Generating investment project proposals consistent with the firm’s strategic objectives; Estimating after-tax incremental
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Capital Budgeting Meaning – Capital budgeting (or investment appraisal) is the planning process used to determine whether an organization’s long term investments such as new machinery‚ replacement machinery‚ new plants‚ new products‚ and research development projects are worth the funding of cash through the firm’s capitalization structure (debt‚ equity or retained earnings). It is the process of allocating resources for major capital‚ or investment‚ expenditures. One of the primary goals of
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assignment should be submitted on Blackboard. No late assignment will be accepted. Enjoy the problems! Capital Budgeting The C & S Company manufactures ice-cream bars. They are considering the purchase of a new machine that will top the bar with high quality chocolate. The cost of the machine is $900‚000; it has a life of 10 years and the company will have to increase its net working capital by $20‚000 to use it. The machine can produce up to 1‚000‚000 ice-cream bars annually. The marketing director
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Notes: FIN 303 Spring 09‚ Part 7 – Capital Budgeting Professor James P. Dow‚ Jr. Part 7. Capital Budgeting What is Capital Budgeting? Nancy Garcia and Digital Solutions Digital Solutions‚ a software development house‚ is considering a number of new projects‚ including a joint venture with another company. Digital Solutions would provide the software expertise to do the development‚ while the other company‚ American Financial Consultants (AFC) would be responsible for the marketing.
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SHARE CAPITAL Share capital is the Funds raised by issuing shares in return for cash or other considerations. The amount of share capital a company has can change over time because each time a business sells new shares to the public in exchange for cash‚ the amount of share capital will increase. Share capital can be composed of both common and preferred shares. Each share carrying a vote in the management of the business‚ managerial control may be limited. The authorized capital of a company is
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1. WHAT IS CAPITAL FORMATION? ITS ROLE IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Capital formation is one of the major factors in economic development. It is the increase in the stock of both material and human capital by making available a part of society’s currently available resources. Capital formation results when some proportion of society’s present income is saved and invested in order to increase material as well as human capital. The meaning of capital formation is that socitey does not apply to the needs
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MARKETING 675 Proctor and Gamble – Scope Case Analysis 10/18/2012 Industry This mouthwash market was initially developed by Warner-Lambert being pioneered by brand Listerine. In 1977 Warmer-Lambert launched Listermint mouthwash as a direct competitor to Scope. Before 1987 the mouthwash market was continuously growing on average of 3 percent per year‚ in 1987 the market experienced a 26 percent increase after the introduction of new flavor. In 1976 Scope was the leader in
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of India. There are several opportunities for companies to contend for market share where millions upon million of people reside. One company that has somewhat recently to contend for market share in the consumer-packaged good industry is Proctor & Gamble‚ also known as P&G. Though they have made recent headway in acquiring market share in the emerging markets‚ gaining further traction in India has and will continue to prove to be a challenge. P&G is pursuing the Indian market so aggressively for
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1.1. Definition of intellectual capital and a brief history of IC management Before someone can measure something‚ he/she has to know what to count. So how should intellectual capital be defined? A universally accepted definition is the first step toward standardization‚ but still it is hard to find the best one for "intellectual capital". In this section I ’ll define intellectual capital and study the history of its development. Intellectual capital is knowledge that can be exploited for
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