have done above is a “full-cost” analysis. This is in contrast to a “direct-cost” analysis that ignores overhead costs. Is full cost the right metric for job profitability and customer profitability? What assumptions are we making about the variability of overhead costs when we do a “full-cost” analysis? By allocating the overhead costs to jobs and customers there is an implicit assumption that these are variable with the cost driver. In reality‚ some of the overhead costs are fixed‚ at least in the
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Plant overhead $122‚000 D/L rate/hour $30 Youngstown has a traditional cost system. It calculates a plant-wide overhead rate by dividing total overhead costs by total direct labor hours. Assume‚ for the calculations below‚ that plant overhead is a committed (fixed) cost during the year‚ but that direct labor is a variable cost. 1. Calculate the plant-wide overhead rate. Use this rate to assign overhead costs to products and calculate the profitability of the four products. The assignment
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CHAPTER 6 PRODUCTION EXERCISES 4. A political campaign manager must decide whether to emphasize television advertisements or letters to potential voters in a reelection campaign. Describe the production function for campaign votes. How might information about this function (such as the shape of the isoquants) help the campaign manager to plan strategy? The output of concern to the campaign manager is the number of votes. The production function has two inputs‚ television advertising and
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I. Situational Analysis a. Industry: Canadian Mouthwash Market i. Size 1. Retail Sales: a. 1988 = $60.2 million b. 1989 = $65. 4 million c. 1990 = $68.6 million 2. Unit sales: d. 1988 = 1‚197‚000 e. 1989 = 1‚294‚000 f. 1990 = 1‚358‚000 ii. Nature of competition 3. Addition of new ingredients in mouthwash products 4. Mouthwash
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Quality Cost 1 Quality is defined from the customer´s point of view l Performance l Performance or the primary operating characteristics of a product or service. Example: For a car‚ it is speed‚ handling‚ and acceleration. For a restaurant‚ it is good food. l Features l Features or the secondary characteristics of a product or service. Example: For a TV‚ it is an automatic tuner. For a restaurant‚ it is linen table cloths and napkins . l Reliability l Reliability
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Ronald Coase noted‚“The cost of doing anything consists of the receipts that could have been obtained if that particular decision had not been taken.” For example‚ the opportunity set for this Friday night includes the movies‚ a concert‚ staying home and studying‚ staying home and watching television‚ inviting friends over‚ and so forth. The opportunity cost of taking job A included the forgone salary of $102‚000 plus the $5‚000 of intangibles from job B. Opportunity cost is the sacrifice of
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Proctor and Gamble Europe faced several issues around the launch of their innovative product‚ an HDL named Vizir. P&G struggled with the concept of Global Standardization in which they termed “Eurobrand”‚ in comparison to the challenges they faced by segmenting marketing and product launches by companies. The standardization of P&G controls and products produces several benefits such as international uniformity‚ reduction in customer confusion‚ improved efficiencies in marketing‚ planning
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TYPES OF COSTS Introduction :-Production is the result of services rendered by various factors of production.The producer or firm has to make payments for this factor services. From the point of view of the factor inputs it is called ‘factor income’ while for the firm it is ‘factor payment’‚ or cost of inputs.Generally‚ the term cost of production refers to the ‘money expenses’ incurredin the production of a commodity. But money expenses are not the only expensesincurred on the production
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MARKETING 675 Proctor and Gamble – Scope Case Analysis 10/18/2012 Industry This mouthwash market was initially developed by Warner-Lambert being pioneered by brand Listerine. In 1977 Warmer-Lambert launched Listermint mouthwash as a direct competitor to Scope. Before 1987 the mouthwash market was continuously growing on average of 3 percent per year‚ in 1987 the market experienced a 26 percent increase after the introduction of new flavor. In 1976 Scope was the leader in
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management concluded the large fixed cost absorbed sale figure. First it is important to understand the standard costing system implemented in Rubber group. Standard costing assigns quantity and price standards to each component of variable and fixed costs in calculating the total cost. In the case of NASA‚ the system uses standard purchasing price (input cost) and standard inputs usage in place for variable costs‚ and standard spending price (input cost) and standard
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