From 1970 to 1990‚ Eastern European nations realized they needed a change in their governments as well as economies. Politically‚ reformers and dissidents wanted to end party-state dictatorships and move towards a pluralist democracy. Economically‚ centrally planned economies were unsuccessful due to increased bureaucracy‚ excessive centralization‚ and debt obligation. Velvet revolutions in Eastern Europe changed countries towards market-oriented economies and pluralist democracies. Countries
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The Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe The collapse of communism in eastern europe can be based on three disticnct factors. Factor 1: People Power May: Hungary opens its borders with non communist Austria. Hungarians had already been granted the rights to free travel. However many east germans started using this route to get to west germany. June-August: protests against communist rule In poland continue throughout the summer. In august‚ communist party leaders agree truly free elsections
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there is Proctor & Gamble‚ “The Innovators” of marketing. “Proctor and Gamble (P&G) is one of the most skillful marketers of consumer packaged goods. It employs 138‚000 people in more than 180 countries: is a global leader in the majority of the 22 different product categories in which it competes; has 23 billion dollar goal brands; and has total worldwide sales of more than $76 billion a year” (Kolter & Keller‚ 2009‚ p. 239). Currently‚ there are ten Proctor and Gamble philosophies
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Sovietisation of Eastern Europe 1945-1968 World war two saw a grand alliance of Britain‚ America and Russia created in order to defeat their common enemy‚ Adolf Hitler. In pursuit of this goal they attended a number of conferences to plan their attacks and to decide on the future of post war Europe. At Teheran in 1943 Churchill voiced concerns about the post-war situation in Eastern Europe‚ he was afraid that victory over the Nazis would leave the USSR in control of Eastern Europe. To prevent this
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Belarusian. In addition‚ the EU would definitely benefit from this relationship. This includes the strong steel industry in Ukraine that will further improve the European economy due to the reduction in border controls between Ukraine and Western Europe. It is impossible to enter the EU in the near future. Nevertheless‚ Ukraine and Belarus can still qualify to join the EU if they comply with the rules and regulations that the EU deem appropriate and the fast recovery of their human rights record
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Conditions in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union‚ however‚ changed rapidly. Gorbachev’s decision to loosen the Soviet yoke on the countries of Eastern Europe created an independent‚ democratic momentum that led to the collapse of the Berlin Wall in November 1989‚ and then the overthrow of Communist rule throughout Eastern Europe. While Bush supported these independence movements‚ U.S. policy was reactive. Bush chose to let events unfold organically‚ careful not to do anything to worsen Gorbachev’s
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people working in almost 80 countries worldwide. What began as a small‚ family-operated Soap and Candle Company now provides products and services of superior quality and value to consumers in 140 countries. Scope was introduced in 1967 by Procter & gamble‚ which is one of the most successful companies in the world. P&G philosophy is to provide superior quality and value that best fills the needs of the consumers; it was recognized as a leader in the Canadian packaged goods industry. P&G Canada has
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Question 11 i. Part (A) 11 ii. Part (b) 11 12. References: 13 Final MBA Exam Take-Home Exam Procter & Gamble (Scope) Answer the Following Questions (Please pay attention to tables and figures disclosed in the case) pay attention to all issues required in questions! Extremely brief answers or copy and paste from the case or the book or the slides‚ are not acceptable! Question 1: Do you consider P&G a sales‚ product or marketing oriented firm
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Collaboration and Innovation at Procter & Gamble CASE STUDY 1. What is Procter & Gamble’s business strategy? What is the relationship of collaboration and innovation to that business strategy? i. Proctor and Gamble’s business strategy focuses on three main areas. This is to maintain the popular the popularity of its existing brands through advertising and marketing; the extension of its brand to related products by developing new products and the creation of new brands from scratch. To achieve
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Chapter 9 Civilization in Eastern Europe: Byzantium and Orthodox Europe I. Introduction A. Two major civilizations 1. Byzantine – Orthodox Christianity a. Maintained high level of political‚ economic‚ cultural life b. Leaders saw selves as Roman Emperors c. Empire lasted for 1000 years until Turkish invaders d. Constantinople – most opulent‚ important city in Europe e. Spread civilization to previously uncivilized areas i. Russia‚ Balkans ii. Russia inherits
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