A REVIEW OF STUDIES CONDUCTED ON THE WEAK FORM OF THE EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESIS ON EMERGING CAPITAL MARKETS Surabhi Kothiyal (2009B3A8360P) Vishnukaant Pitty (2009A4PS340P) 1 CONTENTS PAGE NO. 1. Introduction 3 2. On Emerging Markets … 5 3. Empirical Methods 8 3.1. Non-Parametric Tests 8 3.1.1. Kolmogrov Smirnov Goodness of Fit Test 9 3.1.2. Runs Test 9 3.2. Parametric Tests 10 3.2.1. Auto-Correlation Test 10 3.2.2. ADF (Augmented
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Marketing Plan Final Phase MKT/421 Debbee Lapa Patty Aquiningoc Rory Lomas Talisa Porch September 11‚ 2013 University of Phoenix Jose Medina Procter & Gamble Overview Procter & Gamble is the largest maker of household products. This industry leader has 250 brands in six main categories: laundry and cleaning (detergents)‚ paper goods (toilet paper)‚ beauty care (cosmetics‚ shampoos)‚ food and beverages (coffee‚ snacks)‚ feminine care (sanitary towels) and health care
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Emerging Market Essay (Malaysia) Economic History (Pre-Independence) Malaysia is situated along the Straits Of Malacca‚ connecting the Indian Ocean with the South China Sea and Pacific Ocean so trading in this area has been around for centuries. Spices were the main goods traded in the 15th century and as the Malacca Sultanate grew from strength to strength‚ it eventually gained a monopoly on all trade passing through the straits1. The Straits Of Malacca is still one of the most vital shipping
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W Hotel has style and substance. Included in W’s style is the real value the hotel offers to its guests‚ with their successful “Wow” business strategy. Superior quality‚ W’s real value‚ is offered to each guest by means of: • Services • Relationships • Appealing‚ Contemporary Designs • Global positions • Value • Emotional and Self-Expressive Benefits W Hotel‚ a successful operation of over 10 years (1998)‚ has changed the hospitality industry with many industry firsts: Transformation
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1. Introduction Procter & Gamble (P&G) is an American multinational corporation founded in 1837 headquartered in downtown Cincinnati‚ Ohio and manufactures a wide range of consumer goods. P&G’s annual sales are $50 billion and it has about 54 percent of consumer product business in United States. P&G sells more than 300 brands including soap‚ pet food‚ Tide‚ Pampers‚ Crisco‚ and Folgers. They exist in 160 countries. 2. Analysis When they started to open up to the world‚ their business strategy
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Confronting Unilever‚ Nestle and Procter&Gamble cash flow ratios (Main graph) Confronting the Unilever cash flow to sales ratios in the last three years with the same ratios of Nestle and Procter&Gamble gives several interesting points. (A) The constant relevant gap with Procter&Gamble is due both for the P&G’s superior gross margin‚ due to lower costs of goods sold‚ which leads to better net profits‚ and the advantages of to the generally accepted accounting principles (G.A.A.P.) used in
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Articles Summary: Heinz Emerging Market by Bill Johnson KFC’s Radical Approach to China Heinz emerging markets The growth of the Heinz’s sales in the developing countries‚ such as China‚ India‚ Indonesia‚ Russia‚ and Brazil‚ is increasing quickly in recent years. Bill Johnson‚ the CEO of Heinz‚ thinks that referring to these countries as the emerging markets is not accurate anymore. They have huge consumers and high quality supporting industries
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IDENTIFING MARKET SEGMENTS AND TARGET Market segmentation is the division of the total market into relatively homogeneous‚ but distinct segments. It is used to identify target audiences and strengthen a campaign ’s effectiveness in reaching selected segments. Segments usually respond to campaign elements differently and different techniques are required to reach and motivate various segments. We will discuss Market Segments and Targets‚ and we will know: What are the different levels of
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Apple conducts all sorts of research to determine and identify their specific target markets to assist them in their marketing strategies to promote their wide range of products. To help them in this process‚ they need to analyse and break down the different markets into segmentation categories. The four main bases‚ which segment a consumer market‚ are known as Geographic‚ Demographic‚ Psychographic and Behavioural segmentation. Geographic Segmentation is based on variables such as region‚ city
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Target Market A target market is a specific‚ well-defined segment of consumers that a company plans to target with its products‚ services and marketing activities. Target marketing orients all of the various components of the marketing function toward a single group‚ maximizing the appeal of brands to specific markets. The term "target audience" is a bit narrower; it refers specifically to the group of consumers targeted by advertisements. Outside of the context of business‚ target audience can
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