IMPACT OF TAX REFORMS SINCE 1991 Tax reform since 1991 was initiated as a part of the structural reform process‚ following the economic crisis of 1991. Direct Tax Reforms: 1. As per the recommendations of the TRC the personal tax brackets were only three‚ of 20‚ 30‚ and 40% starting in 1992–93. Financial assets were excluded from the wealth tax‚ and the maximum marginal rate was reduced to 1%. 2. Further reductions came in 1997–98‚ when the three rates were brought down further to 10‚ 20‚
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TAX HAVEN Index Definition and characteristics of Tax Haven Page 2 Tax Haven Criteria Page 5 Particularities of some tax havens Page 7 Evolution of the Spanish Tax Law Page 11 1. Definition and characteristics of Tax Haven Probably most people have heart about tax havens‚ but maybe there are confusions about the exact meaning of this concept. So on‚ we consider important to define a tax haven in order to have a clear idea. What identifies an area as a tax haven is the existence
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the topic of tax fraud. We will begin by introducing the basic concepts of tax fraud. Secondly‚ this paper will also delve into some of the laws that have been passed as punishment for those parties that decide to commit tax fraud. We will also highlight some of the more current examples of tax fraud that have been committed and the details that lead to the perpetrators being caught. Lastly we will discuss the role that criminal investigators have in the realm of tax fraud. Tax fraud can be
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Assessee Perception towards Direct Tax Code (DTC) 1 1‚2 Dept. of FMS‚ Gurukul Kangri University‚ Haridwar‚ UK‚ India tax regime as it is based on well accepted principles of taxation and best international practices. It will eventually pave the way for a single unified taxpayer reporting system. The Philosophy behind such replacement is to make the Direct Taxes Code very easy and simple so that tax payers themselves can‚ without help of experts compute and file Income Tax Returns. In planning and framing
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government losing money from tax avoidance. The BBC reported that some multinational companies use tax avoidance strategy to decrease the tax. It seems like these companies are lack of corporate social responsibility. However‚ tax avoidance does not equal to tax evasion. Some individuals assert that the government should publish a new policy to stop tax avoidance. While many others argue that it is blameless economic activity in the economic market to reduce the tax. Personally‚ I am in favor of
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FEDERAL INCOME TAXATION OUTLINE Gross Income Gross Income Defined (§61) – except as otherwise provided‚ gross income means all income from whatever source derived‚ including (but not limited to) the following items: Compensation for services‚ including fees‚ commissions‚ fringe benefits‚ and similar items; Gross income derived from business Gains derived from dealings in property Interest Rents Royalties Dividends Alimony and separate maintenance payments Annuities Income from life
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taxation in Bangladesh Tapan K Sarker1 ABSTRACT: This article reviews the incidence of income taxation in Bangladesh tax system. The main purpose of the study is to determine how the burden of personal and corporation income taxes is allocated among taxpayers of different income groups. In case of personal income taxes it shows that only 13 percent taxpayers paying around 73 percent of tax revenue collected through personal income taxes and interestingly about 53 percent taxpayers pay only 0.08 percent
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Difference between Proportional Tax and Progressive Tax November 5th‚ 2010 | Adam | Posted in Economics | 569 views | No Comment 0Share [pic][pic][pic][pic][pic]In one liner Progress tax is the tax with the increasing tax rate on different slabs and Proportional tax is of fixes rate tax to all slabs. If the tax rate increases with gradual increase on income it is progressive tax. There are different slabs of incomes and proportional tax rates are defined by tax authorities. It works as there
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EXEMPTIONS/AMENDMENTS IN/WITHDRAWAL OF EXISTING EXEMPTIONS Rate of service tax restored to 12% As per section 66‚ the charging section under earlier regime‚ rate of service tax was 12% of the value of taxable services. However‚ the rate of service tax was reduced to 10% vide Notification No. 8/2009 ST dated 24.02.2009. With effect from 01.04.2012‚ Notification No. 02/2012-ST dated 17.03.2012 rescinded the said notification and the rate of service tax was restored to 12% for the period between 01.04.2012 to 30.06
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Introduction Just as death and taxes are certainties in this world‚ so are ways and means to minimize if not eliminate altogether one’s tax liabilities.Attempts to escape the tax net may take any one of two forms: tax evasion and tax avoidance. Tax evasion may be defined as the act of reducing taxes by illegal or fraudulent means.1Common practices of tax evasion include: under-reporting of income‚ over-statement of expenses‚ use of fictitious receipts‚ the keeping of double sets of books‚
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