Information Technology‚ Internal Control‚and Financial Statement Audits By Thomas A. Ratcliffe and Paul Munter In Brief ASB Tackles IT System Control Risk Modern data processing systems pose new‚ risk-laden challenges to the traditional audit process. Whereas it was once possible to conduct a financial statement audit by assessing and monitoring the controls over paper-based transaction and accounting systems‚ businesses have increasingly turned to electronic transaction and accounting
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The Chart of Accounts The increases and decreases in accounting element as affected by a business transaction are recorded in a device called account name‚ account title or account. Each accounting element is composed of several accounts which describe the related economic transactions and events. To maintain uniform account name‚ the business must have a listing of all the accounts it uses to record economic transactions. This listing of all accounts is called “Chart of Accounts.” The Chart of
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B1 – Ethics‚ fraud and internal control at Bern Fly Company The main purpose that a good internal control must fulfil is to protect the firm’s assets from fraud and theft. As we can see from the description of Bern Fly Company’s case‚ the internal control within the company leaves much to be desired. As it can be read in the case the salespersons get commission promptly after each order taken by their customers without any control to check if that order is real or only a fictitious one. This
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chart of accounts? Chart of accounts (COA) is a list of the accounts used by an organization. The list can be numerical‚ alphabetic‚ or alpha-numeric. The structure and headings of accounts should assist in consistent posting of transactions. Each nominal ledger account is unique to allow its ledger to be located. The list is typically arranged in the order of the customary appearance of accounts in the financial statements‚ profit and loss accounts followed by balance sheet accounts. It is
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ACCT 3512 Chart of Accounts Accounts & 4 Characteristics by 6 Acct Types: FS‚ Real vs. Nominal & Normal Acct Bal (NAB) mjm cpa 9/13 (Contra Accts) [Historical Cost Exceptions] (ACCT 3512 emphasized accts in italics) by Marco J. Malandra‚ CPA 1. ASSETS: BS‚ Real‚ Dr NAB‚ (Cr if contra) 3. SHs’ EQUITY: BS‚ Real‚ Cr NAB (Dr if contra) Current [generally]: IC accts: Preferred Stock [at Par Value] Cash (Money Orders‚Checks‚Checking‚ Savings‚ Petty) Additional-paid-in-capital
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Receivables Turnover According to the table that shows Gamma turnover is 5.8 times and it’s mean Gamma collect his receivables about 5.8 times each year but alpha turnover is 1.4 times and it’s mean that alpha collect his receivables about 1.4 times each year. So‚ Gamma Corporation has higher proportion than Alpha Corporation and it shows that gamma corporation operates more efficiently with smoother cash flow and collects the money from the creditor easily and on the time. Also‚ that probably gathered
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SWOT analysis of Microsoft This is a Microsoft Corporation SWOT analysis for 2013. For more information on how to do SWOT analysis please refer to our article. Company background Name | Microsoft Corporation | Industries served | Computer software‚ Electronics | Geographic areas served | Worldwide | Headquarters | U.S. | Current CEO | Steve Ballmer | Revenue | $ 73.72 billion (2012) | Profit | $ 16.97 billion (2012) | Employees | 94‚000 (2012) | Main Competitors | Apple Inc
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EXAMPLES OF ACCOUNTS FALLING UNDER EACH ACCOUNTING EQUATION ELEMENT: Current Assets Cash - A current asset account which includes currency‚ coins‚ checking accounts‚ and undeposited checks received from customers. The amounts must be unrestricted. (Restricted cash should be recorded in a different account.) Petty Cash Fund - A current asset account that represents an amount of cash for making small disbursements for postage due‚ supplies‚ etc. Notes Receivable - An asset representing the
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1. How an auditor evaluates the efficacy of internal control system? Ans: The auditor has to decide whether he can place reliance on the internal control. If internal control is adequate‚ he can restrict nature‚ timing and extent of his checking accordingly. If not‚ he is left with no alternative but to resort to detailed checking. The manner of evaluation of internal control may be in the following lines: 1. Making preliminary evaluation of the system 2. Compliance procedures to evaluate
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EXAM SAMPLE EXAM 1. The accounting process does not include: a. b. c. 2. d. e. labor unions all of the above statement of owner’s equity income statement balance sheet d. e. both b and c all of the above This account does not appear on the income statement: a. b. c. 6. lenders prospective owners customers Expenses can be found in the: a. b. c. 5. balance sheet balance sheet and journals balance sheet and income statement income statement
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