Definition Labor is a physiologic process during which the products of conception (ie‚ the fetus‚ membranes‚ umbilical cord‚ and placenta) are expelled outside of the uterus. Labor is achieved with changes in the biochemical connective tissue and with gradual effacement and dilatation of the uterine cervix as a result of rhythmic uterine contractions of sufficient frequency‚ intensity‚ and duration.1‚2 Labor is a clinical diagnosis. The onset of labor is defined as regular‚ painful uterine contractions
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APPENDECTOMY An appendicectomy (or appendectomy) is the surgical removal of the vermiform appendix. This procedure is normally performed as an emergency procedure‚ when the patient is suffering from acute appendicitis. In the absence of surgical facilities‚ intravenous antibiotics are used to delay or avoid the onset of sepsis; it is now recognized that many cases will resolve when treated non-operatively. In some cases the appendicitis resolves completely; more often‚ an inflammatory mass forms
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Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs) are fats that are required by the human body‚ but cannot be made by the body; therefore they must be obtained from external forces such as food. EFAs are the building blocks of all fats and oils and are required for both metabolic processes and for fuel. EFAs form the main component in the fats carried in our blood stream (triglycerides)‚ fats stored in our bodies and of cell membranes (phospholipids). (Erasmus‚ 1993)‚ (Wikipedia‚ Essential Fatty Acids‚ 2012) Two fundamental
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A) Long-acting beta agonist: Beta-agonists (Beta2-agonists) are the medications that affect smooth muscles surrounding airways.1 In an irritated state of lung‚ muscles around the airways are constricted; these kinds of drugs can influence these muscles and make them relaxed‚ which brings about widening of airway and leads to comfortable breath (“easier breathing”1).1 They are categorized into two subtypes according to their duration time of action‚ including long-acting and short-acting. They can
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PG REVIEW HEART DISEASES IN PREGNANCY MODERATOR: PROF SUNIL AGARWAL STUDENT: ANKIT KUMAR SAHU INTRODUCTION Heart disease is the second most common cause of maternal death in Western countries‚ suicide being first1. According to CDC‚ heart disease is the leading cause of death in women who are 25 to 44 yrs old2. Maternal cardiac disease in a pregnant woman can present challenges in cardiovascular and maternal-fetal management thereby leading to significant non-obstetric
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OOGENESIS • Oogenesis (ovogenesis) is the sequence of events by which oogonia are transformed into mature oocytes • This maturation process begins before birth and is completed after puberty • Oogenesis continues to menopause‚ which is permanent cessation of the menses (bleeding associated with the menstrual cycles) 2 maturation processes of oocytes are involved; Prenatal maturation Postnatal maturation Prenatal Maturation of Oocytes • Primordial germ cells (46‚ 2N) migrate from the wall of
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1.)Which statement correctly describes the conditions that most likely encouraged the biodiversity that exists today in the tropical forest? a tropical rain forest represents a closed system using insect or animal pollination in which species evolve independently of other ecosystems 2.) An examination of biodiversity in tropical rain forest indicates that this habitat occupies ____ of the earth’s surface and contains ______ of all plants and animals on earth. 7% 50% 3.) Tropical rain forests
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Fibromyalgia Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by fatigue‚ diffuse musculoskeletal pain and stiffness‚ sleep disturbance‚ and the presence of tender points on physical examination. There is no known etiology‚ but theories have suggested a variety of possible pathophysiologic mechanisms‚ such as neural-hormonal disturbance‚ antecedent physical trauma‚ viral infection‚ immune dysregulation‚ psychiatric disturbances and heightened sensitivity to pain. Complications include disability and inability
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Contemporary Issues in nursing practice Paper TOLAC vs. elective repeat cesarean delivery Since the early 70’s‚ the Western world has observed the trend of rising numbers of cesarean deliveries. In 2007 32% of all deliveries in the United Stated happened via C-section; the highest number ever. With so many cesarean deliveries many women face a dilemma regarding prospective birth. Cesarean section limits future childbirth choices‚ but available medical knowledge and research data overthrow the
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Introduction An abortion is the medical process of ending a pregnancy so it does not result in the birth of a baby. It is also sometimes known as a ’termination’ or a ’termination of pregnancy’. Depending on how many weeks you have been pregnant‚ the pregnancy is ended either by taking medication or by having a surgical procedure. An abortion is not the same as a miscarriage‚ where the pregnancy ends without medical intervention (although medical treatment may be needed after a miscarriage)
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