)Lipids 3.)Proteins 4.) Nucleic Acids -On the molecular scale‚ members of three of these classes--- Carbohydrates‚proteins‚ and nucleic acids--- are huge and therefore called Macromolecules. - Architecture of a large biological molecule helps explain how that molecule works. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Macromolecules are polymers‚ built from monomers - Carbohydrates‚ proteins‚ and nucleic
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BIOLOGY CH 10 GENETICS WORKSHEETS - ANSWERS Section 10-1 VOCABULARY REVIEW 1. A purine is a nitrogen-containing base with two rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms. Examples may include adenine or guanine. 2. A pyrimidine is a nitrogen-containing base with one ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms. Examples may include cytosine or thymine. 3. A complementary base-pair is a pair of nitrogencontaining bases connected to each other by hydrogen bonds. Examples may include adeninethymine and cytosine-guanine
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and mean? Is it better for something to be smaller and multiple or bigger and singular? 4. What does prokaryotes have? 5. How do eukaryotes and prokaryotes differ? 6. What is the cell membrane? Endomembrane system? 7. List the steps in protein synthesis. 8. What is the cytoskeleton composed of? Give me definition for both. 9. What is a centrosome? 10. What is a kinesin motor? What does it transport? 11. What are cilia? Flagella? 12. What is the glycocalyx? Composed of? 13. What does
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BIOL 111 Test 1 Study Guide Please note that this is just a guide to help you with your studies. There might be additional information that was talked about in class that is not on this guide. Chap 1 Definitions of Homeostasis - ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously; maintaining the internal environment within physiological units External stimuli – intense heat or cold Internal stimuli – psychological stresses‚ exercise
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in active transport is the movement of substance in uphill direction...there is energy requirement(ATP.NA/K pump) 6.A semi permeable membrane means that the membrane is selective in what is allowed into the cell. Some items such as toxins or some proteins are too big to enter the cell with out facilitaion. Other things such as gas and water are small enough to pass through. These items are usually hydrophilic and ionic it makes them easier to pass through the membrane. So basically semi permeable
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immortal and comes in part from special cellular components called germ granules. Germ granules are small masses of proteins and RNA that are found just outside the nucleus of germ cells (Updike and Strome‚ 2010). It is thought that these germ granules influence the totipotency and identity of germ cells. (Hanazawa et al.‚ 2011) Here we address whether the depletion of ribosomal protein and translation factors (RPTFs) during early developmental stages result in the expression of germ granules in the
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Cell membranes are a bilayer make up of phospholipids‚ proteins‚ and cholesterol. Its main function is to regulate what comes in and out of the cell by means of diffusion‚ transport proteins and protein channels. Trans membrane proteins transport polar solutes across hydrophobic regions of the bilayer. Diffusion occurs when solutes are transferred from a high concentration of that solute to a lower concentration of solutes. Solutes do not depend on the concentration of other solutes‚ which allows
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Introduction Zoonotic intestinal parasites are prevalent around the world. One of the most common and studied is transmitted by the microscopic protozoan‚ Giardia intestinalis‚ also known as G. lamblia and G. duodenalis (Ivanov‚ 2010). This eukaryotic parasite is responsible for the transmission of the most common waterborne disease‚ giardiasis‚ which causes watery diarrhea‚ vomiting‚ and has even been linked to irritable bowl syndrome (Ankarklev et. al. 2010). Since its discovery in 1681‚ Giardia
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represents weak-binding state at low P02 and strongbinding state at high P02 ii. Hemes 1. The heme binds O2‚ not the protein 2. Function of protein: provides crevice – keeps heme from oxidizing a. absence of protein: ferrous atom (Fe2+) ferric state (Fe3+) b. heme buried in hydrophilic environment of protein: O2 binding does not result in oxidation 3. Heme structure a. Each polypeptide of protein is made from 8 residues 6 helices – A‚ B‚ C‚ D‚ E‚ F b. Fe2+ has 6 coordinating bonds i. 4 bonds = nitrogens
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instructions for building other molecules Living organisms gather energy and materias from their surrounding to: Build new biological molecules Grow in size Repair their parts Produce offspring All organisms are composed of the same macromolecules (proteins‚ fatty acids/lipids‚ carbs and nucleic acids) All organisms engage in metabolism Marinating internal balance in response to the environment is known as homeostasis The cell is an organized chemical system that includes many specialized molecules
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