study of proteomes‚ which are groups of proteins in living systems. It is used to examine when and where proteins are being expressed‚ rate of degradation‚ modifications‚ how they interact with other proteins and more. The goal in this lab was to determine the similarities and differences in muscle proteins among 5 species of fish using SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. First‚ proteins are separated based on size. Second‚ antibodies are used to detect the protein of interest. Lastly‚ a substrate that
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Lab Report Experiments : 1. PCR . 2. Protein extraction and purification . 3. Protein concentration determination . 4. SDS-PAGE . 1. The aim of experiments : 2.1 The aim of PCR experiment is to replicate some DNA dimmers by using specific enzymes used for replication in vitro which is done in lab not by living organisms. 2.2 The aim of protein extraction and purification experiment is to extract some proteins and purify them by specific methods. 2
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An ABC transporter is system that involves the use of a substrate binding protein and ATP. By combining these the substrate binding protein and ATP‚ the transporter is able to increase the concentration of the nutrient inside the cell‚ even if it is against the concentration gradient. When comparing the concentration of nutrient‚ the cytosol often has a higher concentration of nutrients compared to the periplasm and‚ possibly the environment (depending on how nutrient rich the environment is. For
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Transcription and Translation Notes for IB Diploma Year 1 DNA is a huge information database that carries the complete set of instructions for making all the proteins a cell will ever need! Although there are only four different bases in DNA (A‚ C‚ G and T)‚ the order in which the bases occur determines the information to make a protein‚ just like the 26 letters of the alphabet combine to form words and sentences: Compare: RAT - TAR - ART - same 3 letters; completely different meanings. And
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Miriam Yanez Physics 018-01 Literature Review 25 April 2012 Biophysics and protein dynamics have shaped our lives when it comes down to advancements in medicine. In living cells‚ proteins are the main components that keep the organism running at its best with every single protein and enzyme having their own function. The discovery of DNA‚ RNA‚ and other protein synthesis became the structures of life in a new perspective in the smallest ways leading to the continuing studies to uncover more
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mechanism that involve restricting proton entry by cytoplasmic membrane and purging of protons and their effect by cytoplasm. pH homeostatic mechanisms The cell membrane is highly impermeable to protons Membrane channel have a reduced pore size. Protein influx inhibited by chemiosmotic gradient Excess proton pumped out of the cell Cytoplasmic buffering helps to maintain the intracellular pH 1. The cell membrane is highly impermeable to protons High impermeable cell membrane to restrict proton
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Discuss the movement (of substances) inside cells Substances can travel from inside the cell out and from outside of the cell inwards across a membrane. Movement of substances also occurs inside the cell and is part of many of the processes that occur inside cells in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells as well as animal and plant cells. The movement of substances may occur across a semi-permeable membrane such as the phospholipid bilayer membrane on the outside of a cell in the digestive
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following could be observed? a. bacterial cell‚ 2000 nm in diameter b. ribosome‚ 20 nm in diameter c. virus particle‚ 15 nm in diameter d. protein molecule‚ 10 nm in diameter e. none of the above 8. A certain drug has knocked out all ribosomal function in a culture of liver cells‚ as a result: a. the cells immediately die b. proteins synthesis stops c. ATP production immediately ceases d. the cells undergo fission e. none of these 9. If your thumb is 20 mm wide and a mitochondrion
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particular the variety of cell signal transduction paradigms and the biochemistry of hormones. The structure‚ function and replication of the cell’s genetic material. This information is reviewed in a series of lectures on DNA‚ the genetic code‚ protein synthesis and aspects of molecular biology. The digestion and absorption of biomolecules is reviewed and the consequences of malfunction considered. A number of disease states are used to illustrate selected principles including the relationship
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the large (L)‚ middle (M) and small (S) envelope proteins‚ respectively (Tiollais et al.‚ 1985) . The S protein is 226 amino acids long‚ has a molecular mass of 25 kDa and shares DNA and amino acid sequence as the C-terminus of the M and L protein. The M protein has a 55-amino acid extension to the S protein at its N-terminus‚ giving it a molecular mass of 31 kDa‚ while the L protein a further 108-119-amino acid extention to the M protein at its N-terminus and a molecular mass of 43
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