18 D1 Distinction. Describe the process of protein synthesis in your own words‚ including the roles of mRNA and tRNA. You MUST include diagrams to aid in your explanations Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)‚ which is like DNA has a unique code that is in a number of different patterns‚ which engages in the sending messages to the structures within the cell. Transfer Ribonucleic Acid (tRNA) is a nucleic acid‚ which is involved in the process of protein synthesis inside the cell. When mRNA is in
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On researching new developments in the treatment of cystic fibrosis‚ I came across a very interesting article: “Ribosomal Stalk Protein Silencing Partially Corrects the ΔF508-CFTR Functional Expression Defect.” In the article‚ Viet et al1 reveal the potential application of the silencing of RPL12 (Ribosomal Protein L12)‚ to correct the ΔF508-CFTR biogenesis defect. As you know‚ cystic fibrosis is caused by a defect in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR gene)‚ or more specifically‚ mutations
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BASICS OF INTEREST RATE SWAPS A swap is an agreement between two institutions to exchange future cash flows. Suppose there is a bank receiving fixed 8% return on 2 year money lent. This bank can swap its revenue stream against another firm’s variable rate 2 year money. In practice swaps tend to be more complicated and can involve more simultaneous variations of interest rates and currency as well. When settled‚ only the differential between the would-be payments are exchanged between two parties
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The Elusive Prions and CJD: possible to treat? Introduction to Prion Disease Prion disease is an infectious neurodegenerative disease caused by a naturally occurring protein (PrPC) misfolding into an aberrant form (PrPSC) which aggregates and destroys neuronal tissue. PrPSC was originally posited by Stanley Prusiner to be the sole causative moiety in prion disease (Prion Theory)‚ however there is some evidence to suggest that unknown toxic intermediates‚ co-factors‚ and certain nucleic acids
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stresses that cause the misfolding of proteins‚ which are later secreted across the cytoplasmic membrane (Raivio et al.‚ 2013). In response to the secretion of misfolded proteins‚ gram-negative bacteria use two major envelope stress responses (Raivio et al.‚ 2013). One of the envelope stress responses is the Cpx envelope stress response and it is activated by a diverse set of inducing signals‚ such as alkaline pH‚ chloride ions‚ copper‚ mutations that affect the folding of proteins in the periplasm‚ the
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accepted the origin of all life on Earth. In the article‚ “The Proof is in the Proteins: Tests Supports Universal Common Ancestor for All Life”‚ by Katherine Harmon‚ a scientist by the name of Douglas Theobold carried out statistical analysis on 23 preserved proteins that were preserved over three major domains of life. The result of these analyses supported Darwin’s evolutionary theory‚ by demonstrating that the protein sequences of life today came from a common universal ancestor rather than separate
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major dietary sources of each. a. Proteins b. Carbohydrates c. Fats . Janine made this statement: “… if your brain doesn’t get carbs—well‚ glucose‚ anyway—you get really cranky. You have to have enough carbs.” Find out if Janine is right. How does the nervous system use glucose? . Janine also said: “If you eat way too much protein and not enough carbs you can ruin your kidneys forever because of all the nitrogen you have to process breaking down the protein.” Find out if Janine is right about
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Protein shakes 1) Verifiable facts: the 3 common forms of protein shakes are whey‚ soy and casein protein. Protein shakes are useful when: - You’re growing - You’re starting a program - You’re amping up your workouts - You’re recovering from an injury Unverified statements or value claim: This whole part is unverified: So how can you tell if you’re already getting enough protein? Do the math. Recreational athletes need 0.5-0.75 grams of protein daily for every per pound of body weight Competitive
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Exam #3 Protein Folding & Post-translational Modifications -What are post-translational modifications? - are modifications that a proteins undergoes to achieve its mature state. Such as cutting‚ folding‚ splicing and other processes. -How do proteins achieve their final conformation? - A protein achieves its final conformation by spontaneously folding. All the information that the protein needs as to how to fold is already located in the amino acid sequence of the protein. -Why is
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Protein Structure on a Tertiary Level The third of four levels of protein structure is the tertiary level. The primary level are strands of the 20 amino acids‚ the secondary level are alpha helix and beta pleats‚ the tertiary level are a combination of helix‚ pleats‚ and bends‚ and the quaternary level involves multiple polypeptide bonds. The tertiary level is a three dimensional level that allows the protein to be fluid and move and make up the R group in the protein structure. There are four
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