The Five Major Compounds That Make Up the Human Body The human body is one of the most complex and fascinating things on this planet. There are five major groups of compounds that compose the human body. These are carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ proteins‚ nucleotides‚ and water. These compounds are all very important to humans and without them humans would not be able to survive. Compounds have many functions that encourage a human cell and a human body to function. Compounds are pure substances
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Review 1: The Chemistry and Molecules of Life Please note that this is a general outline of some of the topics we will have discussed and are detailed in chapters 2-5 of your textbook. While this gives you an idea of some of the terms/phrases you are responsible for‚ not all the material we covered is included. You are responsible for everything discussed in class‚ but NOT for material in the book that was not addressed in lecture. Please do NOT assume that if you know the concepts/answers to the
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reticulum has gone forward at a slower rate (Song et.al‚ 2009). Knoblach‚ a scientist‚ analyzed the proteome of ER lumen in mice and found two previously undiscovered proteins (Song et. al‚ 2009). Another scientist‚ Bergeron‚ distinguished the proteomes of rough and smooth ER and established numerous different proteins including 234 unknown proteins (Song et. al‚ 2009). Male mice were famished for sixteen hours and then had their livers removed (Song et. al‚ 2009). The livers were removed quickly after
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The tert-butyl group has been broadly used to protect functional groups in natural product synthesis such as amino acid‚ peptide and protein chemistry [1]. The tert-butoxycarbonyl (BOC) group is known as protecting group for amides in organic synthesis. The introduction of BOC group improves the solubility of organic precursors and their processability in organic synthesizes [2]. The methyl substituted pyridine derivatives were widely reported for their various biological activities such as anxiolytic
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Chromosome is in the nucleus of every cell. Each chromosome is mostly made up of coiled DNA. Besides DNA‚ there are also proteins in each Chromosome. The interesting point is that in Chromosome‚ DNA tightly coiled a lot of times around proteins and it supports the basic structure of chromosome. The way that Chromosome forms motivates me to think of how DNA and proteins in the Chromosome relate to each other both in the aspect of location and the aspect of biology function. For the second question
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gigantic pipeline that is spread over the whole cytoplasm and is held together by a cytoplasmic skeleton‚ made up of proteins. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. One is smooth and the other is rough endoplasmic reticulum and both of these types are interconvertible. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to the surface‚ which are sites for protein synthesis‚ while the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is purely a transport system for the ions and steroids in particular. Let
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will first provide an overview of the organelles involved in protein synthesis so as to give a logical order and clearer picture of each independent organelles specific function‚ and then move on to some of the most important organelles with a more independent function. The membrane that bounds the organelles into specific space is called a phospholipid bilayer. As shown in Fig 1‚ the bilayer is permeated with different types of protein‚ glycolipid etc. These allow the transmembrane movement of molecules
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unwound‚ DNA recombines to form a double helix once again‚ and DNA is freed from RNA polymerase. RNA synthesis will continue along the DNA template until the polymerase encounters a signal that tells it to stop. In prokaryotes‚ this signal can take one of two forms: ρ – dependent and ρ- independent. ρ – Independent termination (also known as intrinsic termination) does not use ρ factor protein to carry out termination. Sequencing of the entire E. coli genome has shown that most operons have Rho-independent
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for the cell to function. Nucleus. This is the largest organelle. Surrounded by a nuclear envelope‚ which is a double membrane with nuclear pores - large holes containing proteins that control the exit of substances such as RNA from the nucleus. The interior is called the nucleoplasm‚ which is full of chromatin- a DNA/protein complex containing the genes. During cell division the chromatin becomes condensed into discrete observable chromosomes. The nucleolus is a dark region of chromatin‚ involved
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mean? Is it better for something to be smaller and multiple or bigger and singular? 4. What does prokaryotes have? 5. How do eukaryotes and prokaryotes differ? 6. What is the cell membrane? Endomembrane system? 7. List the steps in protein synthesis. 8. What is the cytoskeleton composed of? Give me definition for both. 9. What is a centrosome? 10. What is a kinesin motor? What does it transport? 11. What are cilia? Flagella? 12. What is the glycocalyx? Composed of? 13. What does ECM
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