Name the 4 main Organic Molecules in Biochemistry. Describe each one‚ and provide an example. What are the “building blocks” of each molecule? For example‚ protein = Amino Acid. • Proteins - monomers are amino acids and proteins are used for various reasons in cell such as structure‚ defense‚ modification. An example of a protein is hemoglobin that red blood cells used to carry oxygen. • Carbohydrates - monomers are monosaccarides with the general formula of CH20. Carbohydrates can
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BIOLOGY REVIEW UNIT 1 BIOCHEMISTRY 1) Describe the structure of an atom and compare this to the structure of an ion. * Atoms have protons and neutrons in their nucleus making them electrically neutral 2) Complete the following table Element Name | Boron | Oxygen | Beryllium | Sodium | Symbol | B | O | Be | Na | Atomic # | 5 | 8 | 4 | 11 | # of Protons | 5 | 8 | 4 | 11 | # Neutrons | 6 | 8 | 5 | 12 | Total # electrons | 5 | 8 | 4 | 11 | #Electrons in 1st Shell | 2 |
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the human body. • What do Atomic Number and Atomic Weight of an atom represent? • Define ion? How do we indicate in a molecular formula if an atom is an ion? • Define isotope? • Distinguish between types of Chemical Reactions: Synthesis‚ Decomposition‚ Exchange‚ & Reversible. • Define electrolyte. • Define Acid‚ Base‚ and Neutral compound. How are acids and bases represented on the pH scale? How do hydrogen ion concentrations change as the numbers change? • What
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Genotoxic stress signals such as Ionizing radiation (IR) and UV irradiation could cause DNA damage and this activates protein kinases ATM and ATR. ATM and ATR phosphorylate MDM2 at Ser-395 and Ser-407‚ respectively. The ability of MDM2 to export
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things maintain themselves c. Living things have the capacity to reproduce d. Living things are part of populations that remain constant from one generation to the next 2. The macromolecules made from carefully folded strings of amino acids are a. Proteins b. Carbohydrates c. Lipids d. Nucleic acid 3. One difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is a. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus‚ whereas eukaryotic cell do not b. Eukaryotic cells have existed on earth far longer than prokaryotic cells
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different kinds of biological macromolecules and their monomers. Describe the structure and functions of: Amino acids Simple sugars Nucleotides Summarize the different forms and functions of complex carbohydrates. Describe the possible levels of protein structure. Summarize the fundamental property of all lipids. Illustrate the structure of triglycerides and phospholipids. Advanced Key Concepts After the biomolecules lectures‚ students should be able to: Predict what type of bond would be
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are 23 pairs of chromosomes in a human cell. "The nuclear membrane is made up of 2layers‚ each composed of a lipid bilayer. It has holes all over which are called nuclear pores‚ to facilitate and regulate the exchange of materials‚ for example‚ proteins and RNA‚ between the nucleus and
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unsaturated and have a lower melting point than fatty acids with no double bonds. 8. Amino acids are amphoteric‚ acting as both an acid and a base through condensation of two amino acids they from dipeptides 9. The primary structure of a protein is the sequence of its amino acids. Further structures are controlled by the formation of weal hydrogen bonds and disulphide bridges between amino acids 10. In chromatography ‚ the amino acids can be identified by calculatoing the RF value
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A person required water and enzymes to break down food. The reaction is: protein + water = amino acid + amino acid Condensation: Occurs when two molecules combine to form one molecule. This biochemical reaction is known as dehydration synthesis because water is removed from the molecule. This condensation reaction occurs in the body when you are building muscle tissue. The reaction is: Amino acid + amino acid = protein + water Oxidation Reduction (redox): Oxidation is the process of losing electrons
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atrium and then the left ventricle pumps it to the rest of the body. Blood travels round the body faster‚ delivering nutrients faster‚ so the animals have a higher metabolic rate. 1.1.2 Arteries and veins contain collagen: a tough‚ fibrous protein to make them tough and durable. The artery wall stretches as blood is pumped in and then recoils as the heart relaxes. Blood flow is continual and there is a pulse. Contracting muscles and low pressure in the chest when breathing in assist
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