Final Exam Review Packet Name: _Susan Clark Chapter 1: 1. | An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at which the heart beats is most likely a(an) A. | anatomist. | B. | physiologist. | C. | chemist. | D. | biochemist. | E. | physicist. | | 2. | The branch of science that deals with the structure of human body parts is called anatomy. | 3. | The branch of science that deals with the functions of human
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produced by a gland and discharged into the blood where it travels until it reaches certain blood cells distant from its place of origin on which it exerts its action. This is a long distance communication process. The signaling molecule is mainly of protein origin‚ although there is also a varied range of steroidal hormones. (ENDOCRINE SIGNALLING: Image from University of Kent https://moodle.kent.ac.uk/external/mod/book/view.php?id=2396&chapterid=78) Pick a representative signal molecule from
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Human Cell‚ protein production‚ cell organelles and the cell membrane. Structure and cell transport. The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms (See figure 1). It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing (except virus‚ which consists only from DNA/RNA covered by protein and lipids)‚ and is often called the building block of life. Organisms can be classified as unicellular (consisting of a single cell; including most bacteria) or
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ribonucleic acid to ribonucleic acid‚ and on the role of the latter in directing the synthesis of specific proteins. They form the basis of present explanations of the manner in which the amino acids are activated before being assembled to make a protein; they are being invoked incessantly in attempts to unravel the nucleotide code which is thought to be responsible for specifying the amino acid sequence of proteins. It will‚ perhaps‚ surprise many readers‚ into whose ears a different version
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the other is not 2. Pharmaceuticals- important because often one of the isomer is not as effective or could produce harmful effects (thalidomide) III. Polymers – Macromolecule of many identical or similar subunits (monomers) a. Condensation synthesis- process by which links monomers into polymers 1. 1 water molecule is removed for each monomer added (one monomer loses a hydroxyl group and the other loses a hydrogen so that they are then able to bond covalently to each other) 2. Enzymes are
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protease to spill into the inside of the cells. Enzymes will bond inside vesicles start to digest the plasma membrane. Joseph’s heart attack has caused the function of his cells to change. What type of proteins in the cells membrane was involved in the homeostatic imbalance of the heart cells? Proteins rise then fall. Channels open allowing an inward flow of sodium ions changing electrochemical gradient‚ causing a rise in membrane potential. Causing more channels to open‚ then causing a bigger electric
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to form new cells is the basis for all reproduction and for the growth and repair of multicellular organisms‚ including humans. Two Major Kinds of Cells Eukaryotic cells- Membrane enclosed organelles in which DNA is organized along with certain proteins into structures called chromosomes contained within a nucleus‚ the largest organelle of most eukaryotic cells. Around the nucleus is a cytoplasm in which are suspended the various organelles that perform most of the cells functions. Plants eukaryotic
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are compounds of tremendous biological importance: – they provide energy through oxidation – they supply carbon for the synthesis of cell components – they serve as a form of stored chemical energy – they form part of the structures of some cells and Tissues Proteins are essential nutrients for the human body.[1] They are one of the building blocks of body tissue. Proteins are complex organic compounds. They are macromolecules or bio molecules composed of amino acids linked by peptide bond. Fat
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of nucleic acid is storing genetic material‚ transferring genetic information called DNA and RNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis‚ that carries Amino acids into place and Polypeptide keeps the chain of amino acids together ‚also DNA is composed of nucleotides ‚and holds ribosomal subunits together‚ Deoxyribose replaces hydroxyl in groups . Four‚ Protein‚ The functions of proteins are structural support in things such as hair and nails‚ protection against germs‚ and bodily movements. Carbohydrates
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both 6. What’s the biological relevance of dehydration and hydrolysis reactions ― that is of being able to assemble polymers from monomers and to disassemble polymers into monomers? Biological polymers (proteins‚ polysaccharides‚ nucleic acids) and lipids are assembled by dehydration synthesis; they are disassembled into their monomers (or into glycerol + fatty acids in the case of lipids) by hydrolysis reactions. 7. Explain why sugars are an essential part of our diet. Your brain can not function
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