to its ability or tendency to lose a proton. There are very few strong acids. A strong acid is one that completely ionizes in water. In contrast a weak acid only partially dissociates. Examples of strong acids are hydrochloric acid (HCl)‚ hydroiodic acid (HI)‚ hydrobromic acid (HBr)‚ perchloric acid (HClO4)‚ nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). In water each of these essentially ionizes 100%. The stronger an acid is‚ the more easily it loses a proton‚ H+. Two key factors that contribute
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Chemiosmosis. Chemiosmosis‚ by definition‚ is the diffusion of ions through a partially/selectively permeable membrane (down an electrochemical gradient). It is specifically refers to the flow of protons through the inner mitochondrial membrane. The main theory behind chemiosmosis is call Chemiosmosis theory‚ and was developed by Peter Mitchel in 1961. Here is a brief outline of the theory (now pretty much accepted as fact): Throughout respiration carrier molecules (NAD and FAD) are produced‚
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Question 2.1: (i) Calculate the number of electrons which will together weigh one gram. (ii) Calculate the mass and charge of one mole of electrons. * ------------------------------------------------- Answer (i) Mass of one electron = 9.10939 × 10–31 kg Number of electrons that weigh 9.10939 × 10–31 kg = 1 Number of electrons that will weigh 1 g = (1 × 10–3 kg) = 0.1098 × 10–3 + 31 = 0.1098 × 1028 = 1.098 × 1027 (ii) Mass of one electron = 9.10939 × 10–31 kg Mass of one mole of
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Atlantic (at least when referring to modern theories) truly discovered America is ridiculous‚ I believe that the first to do so was Leif Eriksson and his group of Vikings whose settlement was found in Canada. According to the Greenlander saga and the Eric saga‚ his father‚ Eric the Red‚ a Viking outlaw‚ discovered Greenland. In order to establish himself as a man separate from his father‚ Leif sailed to the west in order to discover his own land. He sailed west because there had been a rumor in
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the potential energy of the electron is used by enzymes to pump hydrogen atoms inside the membrane. This creates a proton gradient. The proton gradient is caused by a higher concentration of protons inside the membrane than outside. This proton gradient is then used to add a phosphate onto ADP‚ turning it into ATP. The net effect of this process is to store the energy of the proton gradient in
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Student ID: 21876729 Exam: 007525RR - METHODS‚ MAPPING‚ AND THE COMPOSITION When you have completed your exam and reviewed your answers‚ click Submit Exam. Answers will not be recorded until you hit Submit Exam. If you need to exit before completing the exam‚ click Cancel Exam. Questions 1 to 20: Select the best answer to each question. Note that a question and its answers may be split across a page break‚ so be sure that you have seen the entire question and all the answers before choosing an
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*PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE* Brief Introduction * Peptic Ulcer is a break in the gastric or duodenal mucosa that arises when the normal mucosal defensive factors are impaired or are overwhelmed by aggressive luminal factors such as acid and pepsin. * Ulcers extend through the musvularis mucosae and are usually over 5 mm in diameter. * In the United States‚ there are about 500‚000 new cases per year of peptic ulcer and 4 million ulcer recurrences; the lifetime prevalence of ulcers in the adult
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least common isotope of carbon‚ which is carbon-14‚ has 8 neutrons. All three isotopes of carbon have 6 protons‚ which makes them a carbon atom. Explain radioactive isotopes and one medical application that uses them. A radioactive isotope is an unstable isotope whose nucleus decays spontaneously‚ which in turn gives off energy and particles. This decay usually leads to a change in the number of protons found in the atom‚ in which the original atom is converted into an atom of a different element. An
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Experiments in physics lab report Department of Electrical Engineering Isabela State University Ilagan Campus‚ Calamagui 2nd‚ City of Ilagan‚ Isabela baccaljoemel@yahoo.com Submitted to: Engr. Rafael S. Ramos Physics12 Professor Submitted by: Joemel L. Baccal BSEE IIA Experiments in Physics Lab Report Joemel L. Baccal Department of Electrical Engineering Isabela State University - Ilagan Campus‚ Calamagui 2nd‚ City of Ilagan‚ Isabela baccaljoemel@yahoo.com Abstract In
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1) Demonstrate understanding of the terms atom and molecule. Atom= Smallest Unit of Matter Molecule= 2 or more atoms chemically bonded. 2) Describe paper chromatography. 3) Interpret simple chromatograms. A method used to separate a Solution‚ using a Paper and a beaker of water. The Substances in the Paper go up depending on their Mass. We can say that a Solution has the same substance as another solution because they form a line of the same height. 4) Describe methods of separation
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