All Animals Are Equal* PETER SINGER In recent years a number of oppressed groups have campaigned vigorously for equality. The classic instance is the Black Liberation movement‚ which demands an end to the prejudice and discrimination that has made blacks second-class citizens. The immediate appeal of the black liberation movement and its initial‚ if limited‚ success made it a model for other oppressed groups to follow. We became familiar with liberation movements for Spanish-Americans‚ gay people
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1. Explain the distinction Jean Grimshaw makes between misogyny and philosophically significant ‘maleness’ of philosophical theories. Jean Grimshaw argues the idea that the discipline of Philosophy is gendered in some way by making a distinction between misogyny and philosophically significant ‘maleness ‘of philosophical theories. The ‘maleness’ of philosophy is characterised by the fact that most of the practitioners of philosophy have been and are still male. Grimshaw argues that this fact alone
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In Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?‚ Phillip K. Dick creates a post-apocalyptic world that is crumbling from radiation caused by the nuclear war: World War Terminus. As a result‚ many humans escape to off-world colonies; though some people are left behind. On the off-world colonies‚ those who emigrate are promised a “custom-tailored humanoid robot — designed specifically for [their] UNIQUE NEEDS” (Dick 17). The more technologically advanced the androids are built‚ the more they understand and
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“Am I to be thought the only criminal‚ when all human kind sinned against me?” The monster of Frankenstein gives the last human he meets in its life this inquiry. This being is born as a devil and his life is fulfilled by misfortune. Its dreams are all ruthlessly shattered by these humans he once trusted‚ especially his creator. It seems that all tragedies of this monster are caused by its appearance. Because of its appearance‚ people exclude it‚ detest it and afraid of it. It’s true that the being’s
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Human Use of Animals: Summary and Critique Charles Hall Ivy Bridge College In his interviews with both The Open University and The Colbert Report‚ Dr. Peter Singer discusses the unethical human use of animals. Most of his claims are highly controversial and are not taken well by most people. Human Use of Animals: Summary and Critique The use of animals in modern civilization has been a controversial subject for the past few decades. Author and Philosopher Peter Singer has made his standpoint
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“Each year‚ more than 100 million animals—including mice‚ rats‚ frogs‚ dogs‚ cats‚ rabbits‚ hamsters‚ guinea pigs‚ monkeys‚ fish‚ and birds—are killed in U.S. laboratories for biology lessons‚ medical training‚ curiosity-driven experimentation‚ and chemical‚ drug‚ food‚ and cosmetics testing” (PETA.org). Animal testing has been used since as early as Aristotle’s time. Many well-known philosophers back then used animals to experiment on in order to better understand anatomy‚ physiology‚ pathology
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The relation‚ as defined by Donna Haraway in the Companion Species Manifesto‚ is the “smallest unit of analysis and the relation is about significant otherness at every scale” (Haraway 24). The ideal relation between two companion species‚ a term that Haraway describes for “bodies that matter” or equal species in a mutualistic relationship‚ prominently relies on the notion where neither species is a whole or a part (Haraway 6). To Zygmunt Bauman‚ a sociologist known for his work of Modernity and
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Frey believes that we must either a) find some feature that makes all humans worthy of greater moral consideration than all animals‚ or b) we must accept medical experimentation on humans. Is he right ? If so‚ why? The use of animals in scientific and medical research has been a subject of ethical debate for many years. Many animal rights groups and anti-vivisectionists believe that animal experimentation is cruel and unnecessary regardless of the purpose or benefit. Many individuals‚ such as
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Ethical Issues in the Use of Animals in Biomedical Research Richard R. Sharp‚ PhD Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Baylor College of Medicine Historical Perspectives The use of animals in biomedical research has a lengthy history. Early Greek writings (circa 500 B.C.)‚ for example‚ describe the dissection of living animals by physician-scientists interested in physiological processes. These early vivisections appear to have been done mostly for exploratory purposes‚ however
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uses egalitarianism to argue that in order to believe that people have more inherent rights than animals would contradict the argument altogether because it would favor humans or Homo sapiens over other animals simply because of our species. This “speciesist” belief cannot be justified‚ Regan says‚ because it ignores the worth and inherent value of millions of subjects of lives. First‚ before talking about the ideological differences between Kant and Regan‚ we must first discuss what exactly a right
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