1) Planning Managers must plan for future conditions‚ develop strategic objectives and secure the achievement of future goals. They also should anticipate resources that are needed by proactive approach. The plans should follow missions and goals of organizations. Organizing Managers must organize the workforce in an efficient manner and structure and align the activities of the organization. Managers should also hire for the staff and line positions separately and check for staff should have
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Iceberg Model The Iceberg Model has been used in systems thinking. It explains that an iceberg only exposes 10% of its mass above water while 90% of its mass is hidden below the surface. Similarly‚ an individual competence is analogous to an Iceberg Model because there are both observable and hidden components. (Refer to Illustration 1) The observable components would be the individual’s knowledge and skills while the hidden components include values‚ self-image and motives. (Refer to Illustration
Free Motivation Skill Maslow's hierarchy of needs
strongly linked with passing classes and getting high scores on achievement tests. Children with high self discipline also act differently in relation to school. For example kids would stay up late to finish homework and avoid TV. This skill also makes a child less likely to have problem behaviors that can interfere with school performance. Life often presents difficult situation and problems on the path to success and achievement‚ and in order to rise above them‚ we have to act with perseverance
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give me the same response as my son‚ taking into consideration their ages. Especially being that Dr. Rozankski‚ head of the Gifted program in MISD just informed me my son had an IQ score of 136 and scored in the 82nd percentile on the California Achievement Test. My daughter could tell me that there was 7 pennies in both rows but‚ my son could see beyond that and express what someone else may think given the lay out of the pennies or the way the question was asked. According to Piaget‚ both my children
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innate ability‚ such substitution would be costly. It would take about three additional years of education to compensate for one standard deviation lower innate ability in terms of labor market returns. Improving school quality appears to increase achievement test scores only a bit‚ and lower pupil-teacher ratios yield only slightly higher rates of elementary school completion. Higher family income appears to benefit both attendance and completion of elementary school‚ but these effects are quite small
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Autobiography‚ Rating Scale‚ Sociometry etc. UNIT-VIII Testing Devices in Guidance Testing devices in guidance-Meaning‚ Definition‚ Measurement‚ Uses of psychological tests: Intelligence tests – Aptitude tests- Personality InventoriesAttitude scales – Achievement tests – Creativity tests -Mental health –
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QUESTION 1. [pic] ANSWER 1. French and Raven were the noted Social Psychologists who introduced their own bases of leadership and power. The main objective of French and Raven to create their own base to determine the communication takes place between the organization and work force. French & Raven introduce five bases of power Coercive‚ Reward‚ Legitimate‚ Referent‚ and Expert. While considering the case of Jake and Terry except the power of coercion all the other powers were flowing
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remedial measure are devised. It makes a judgment on the quality or worth of an educational program or students’ achievements and provides for a subsequent modification of curriculum. Also‚ teachers have a key role to play in the curriculum renewal and development process. According to the types of information they provide to decide a test is suitable for a particular purpose. An achievement test is supposed to learn what progress students make during the course and reveal where the greatest difficulties
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student achievement for the purpose of Inferring Teacher Quality from Student Learning. They assumed‚ for good reason‚ that supervisors’ opinions of teachers revealed little or nothing about student learning. Indeed‚ according to Medley and his colleagues‚ these early findings were "most discouraging." The average correlation between teacher characteristics and student learning‚ as measured most often by achievement tests‚ was zero. Some characteristics related positively to student achievement gains
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There are many situations in which people feel a need for affiliation. One situation that causes a greater need for affiliation is during a stressful situation. An example where there was an increase in the need for affiliation among individuals was right after the September 11 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center. This event led to Americans putting their differences aside and coming together. The increase in an individual’s need for affiliation allowed individuals responding to the same stressor
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