been. Austria and Prussia were both afraid that the Revolution might spread to their countries. In September of 1792‚ war with Prussia and Austria begins (Doc A). An 80‚000 man army of Austrian and Prussian marched into France. Fearing an attack‚ France declared war on Austria and Prussia. They began fighting for their countries’ power. Nearly 10‚000 of France’s own army officers moved to the Austrian-controlled Netherlands. The émigrés allied themselves with Austria and Prussia. France’s goal in
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If it wasn’t for the great despots of the 18th century‚ The Enlightenment would have never happened. The despots included such great thinkers as Fredrick the II‚ Peter the Great‚ Katherine the II‚ and Maria Therea. These great minds inspired others to think in a different way. People began to question religion‚ governments‚ and economic fairness. Without them we would not have had the scientific method that has lead to many of the inventions that we have today. They not only had a huge impact on
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AP European History: Unit 4.1 SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND ENLIGHTENMENT Use space below for I. The Scientific Revolution A. Medieval view of the world notes 1. Primarily religious and theological 2. Political theory based on divine right of kings 3. Society largely governed by Church views‚ traditions‚ and practices 4. Superstition played major role in the lives of the people 5. Scientific thought in the early-16th century was still based on Medieval ideas a. Views about the universe
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During the 18th century‚ intellectual changes began to dismantle traditional values and institutions. Liberal ideas from France and Britain spread rapidly‚ and from 1789 the French Revolution became the genesis of "liberal Italians". A series of political and military events resulted in a unified kingdom of Italy in 1861. The settlements reached in 1815 at the Vienna Congress had restored Austrian domination over the Italian peninsula but had left Italy completely fragmented . The Congress had divided
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political absolutism. Rulers such as Frederick William the Great Elector of Prussia and the Habsburg ruler Maria Theresa both built large standing armies to defend against foreign militaries‚ which both of them were challenged by throughout the earlier years of their reign‚ and consequently‚ to stabilize power through the absolutism an efficient army presented. The need for a powerful military was evident to Frederick William of Prussia since the start of his rule in a disjointed kingdom. From 1655 to 1660
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Napoleon Bonaparte was born Napoleone di Buonaparte in Corsica‚ August 15‚ 1769. His family consisted of his father‚ a lawyer and member of the Nobility‚ his mother‚ his sister and his seven brothers. He was a small child‚ and often was teased by his classmates when he was enrolled in military college at a very early age in 1777‚ and it is believed that this influenced the determination he had to win later in life. Later‚ he went to Ecole Militaire from 1784 to 1785. Also in 1785‚ his father died
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1. What was the idea of ‘balance of power’ as practiced in Europe in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries? (Short Answer). The idea behind the balance-of-power was mainly to keep the states with their own independence and avoid universal monarchy. States would often form an alliance with the weaker states if “one state seemed to dictate too much” (Palmer‚ Colton‚ & Kramer 2014). Often times the state that did not like what the other state was doing they would build up alliance with the weaker
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German nationalism beyond the small ranks of writers. In 1807 writers attacked French occupation of Germany. This nationalistic feeling spread to the Prussians. In 1806 the Prussians were defeated by the French troops. To drive the French out of Prussia there would have to be a spirit of cooperation and loyalty. To accomplish this there would have to be social and political reforms. A reformer said that if social abuses were eliminated the Prussians could fight with national honor. Military
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the republic and gave more emphasis on the right and the will of the people. Next‚ Gioberti headed the federation of existing states‚ and then Italian nations were built around the aristocratic kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont as german looked towards Prussia. Cavour has played a prominent role in the Sardinina government from the period 1850 to 1861. He was recognized as a dominant figure during that time. In 1852‚ Cavour was elected as a chief minister in the Sardinian monarchy. Likewise Cavour made
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Lecture 5 Highlights – Europe and the World The Expanding West The Travels of Marco Polo – desire to explore the world (mostly the East). Europeans used God‚ glory‚ and gold as motivation for exploration. Western Europe leads exploration due to technological advances. Economic expansion‚ technological improvements‚ shipbuilding (Caravel)‚ and navigational improvements (magnetic compass / astrolabe). Caravels – Dutch invention‚ cheap to build‚ stored a lot. Astrolabe – compass for the sea
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