occurs upon awakening from sleep or less often while falling asleep. Stimuli such as touch or sound may terminate the episode‚ which usually has a duration of seconds to minutes. This condition may occur in normal subjects or be associated with narcolepsy‚ cataplexy‚ and hypnagogic hallucinations. The pathophysiology of this condition is closely related to the normal hypotonia that occur during REM sleep.[1] When considered to be a disease‚ isolated sleep paralysis is classified as MeSH D020188.[2]
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Harriet Tubman‚ a key figure in the abolition movement during her time‚ made many contributions to this movement that have led us to where we are today. She solidified herself in history‚ nowadays even the average person recognizes her name and her brave journeys back and forth along the underground railroad. Despite this being the most known fact of her life‚ there are many other things she’s done that have gone unnoticed by the average person who likely hasn’t truly researched what her life was
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What is Modafinil? Modafinil is a drug formulated to treat narcolepsy along with shift-work disorder and a range of other sleep disorders. It works by changing the activity in your brain to create a state of wakefulness. The table below illustrates the benefits seen in two clinical trials of Modafinil. The study took place over 9 weeks in multiple centers with subjects who met the ICD-9 criteria for narcolepsy. Modafinil is marketed under a range of brand names including Provigil and Modalert
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Activities of living are to do with things‚ as humans‚ we do every day to survive. In Roper‚ Logan and Tierney there are twelve model activities that are essential to living and these are maintaining a safe environment‚ communicating‚ breathing‚ eating and drinking‚ eliminating‚ personal cleansing and dressing‚ controlling body temperature‚ mobilising‚ working and playing‚ expressing sexuality‚ sleeping and the last one dying (Holland et al‚ 2012 p. 2). This essay is going to be concentrating sleep
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Chapter 4 Consciousness What is Consciousness? Conscious as awareness Is one meaning of consciousness Sensory awareness Sense of vision allows us to see or be conscious of surroundings Sometimes we are not aware of sensory stimulation when paying attention to it Selective Attention Key to self control Maxes senses keener Direct Inner Awareness knowledge of one’s own thought feeling and memories without the use of sensory organs We are conscious of our thought Thought we cannot measure
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Methamphetamine Abuse The report of Methamphetamine is an artificial painkiller with more rapid long-lasting effects than amphetamine‚ used illegally as an intoxicant and as a prescription drug to treat narcolepsy and maintain blood pressure. Methamphetamine is a drug that kills slowly‚ but surely and along the way it has many severe health complications. This drug has nearly up to eight or more slang words that are used in the street. Methamphetamine is defined as meth‚ speed‚ crank‚ zip‚ chalk
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combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Amphetamine and dextroamphetamine are central nervous system stimulants that affect chemicals in the brain and nerves that contribute to hyperactivity and impulse control. Adderall is used to treat narcolepsy and ADHD. But not only does this drug treat these diseases‚ it is mistreated and also used as a drug to get you high. Adderall‚ just like any other drug such as meth or weed‚ can get you high if you take a higher dosage than you are prescribed
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pattern. This causes a disruption in the way an individual typically sleeps‚ which can lead to other complications such as irritability and dysfunction during the day. Four common sleep disorders are insomnia‚ sleep apnea‚ restless legs syndrome‚ and narcolepsy. Nearly 70 million Americans suffer from these and many other sleep disorders every year. Insomnia is a sleep disorder in which the affected individual has difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. People affected by insomnia may suffer from
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are defined as a perception of and external object when no object is really present. There are many reasons why people have hallucinations. Some reasons for hallucinations are prescribed drugs (SSRI)‚ illegal drugs (LSD)‚ and sleeping disorders (Narcolepsy). Some causes of hallucinations are from taking drugs‚ both prescribed and illegal. Both produce the same effect. The hallucinations from these have been described as déjà vu or hearing or seeing thing that aren’t really there. Prescribed
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Cocaine psychosis Speedball Amphetamine d-amphetamine Methamphetamine Dopamine Norepinephrine Amphetamine psychosis Crystal Meth (“Ice”) Methcathinone Dr. W.S. Halsted ADHD Methylphenidate Cocaethylene Ephedrine Sympathomimetic Narcolepsy Crank Concepts to know: Trace the history of cocaine use from the ancient Inca to the present. Know the legal controls placed on cocaine. Describe the various forms and the routes of administration for cocaine and amphetamines. What are
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