Chapter 1 Introduction to Psychology introduces and explains the roots of psychology. The learning outcomes of this chapter are: the subfields of psychology‚ working‚ the roots‚ today’s perspectives‚ key issues and controversies‚ the future‚ the scientific method‚ psychological/ descriptive/ and experimental research. The Subfields of Psychology: Family Tree explains behavior and health. The Biological foundation of behavior is Behavioral neuroscience which examines how the brain and the
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Introduction Sociology is defined as the systematic study of human society. At the heart of sociology is a distinctive point of view called "the sociological perspective." Sociologists look for general social patterns in the behavior of individuals as they relate to a group and how the group and social structures affect our individual perception and behavior. Human behavior is patterned‚ and repetitive. We can predict with reasonable reliability what each of us will do generally under given conditions
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Psychological Egoism Psychological egoism‚ as a doctrine‚ refers to the notion and ideology that people tend to act and behave in ways that are purposed to fulfill their needs and wishes (Fiester‚ 2012). Generally‚ this point of view endeavors to highlight that most‚ if not all‚ human actions are actuated by rather self-motivated desires that are not easily noticeable. As such‚ it is unequivocal to expound that the proponents of psychological egoism do not advocate or advance for the fact that some
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The Psychodynamic Theory‚ or psychoanalytic as it is also referred to‚ stresses the influence of unconscious forces on human behavior. It is the systematized study and theory of the psychological forces that underlie human behavior‚ emphasizing the interplay between unconscious and conscious motivation (Gallop & Reynolds 2004). Its roots focus on the roles of unconscious sexual and aggressive impulses as a motive for choice and self-direction. The theory presents itself as our way of trying to balance
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Defining Testing The term test can be defined as a standardized process that produces information about behavioral and cognitive processes in a quantified manner (Hogan‚ 2007). Throughout the history of tests and testing‚ standards for psychological testing has changed and evolved over the years (Camara & Lane‚ December‚ 2006). Most people have had at least some experience with testing. As early as childhood‚ people are given tests for various reasons. Early on children may undergo medical
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In section 2 we further our understanding of addiction by recognising and hopefully you will be able to identify with the physical/psychological characteristics of addiction. In addition recognise the progression of addiction‚ the importance of an abstinence-based recovery and alternative treatments to support recovery success. Finally the important key factors of addictions I want you to always remember. So let’s get started: Physical Symptoms of Addiction Physical symptoms of addiction are the
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MAJOR PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis is a comprehensive theory about human nature‚ motivation‚ behavior‚ development and experience. And it is a method of treatment for psychological problems and difficulties in living a successful life. As a general theory of individual human behavior and experience‚ psychoanalytic ideas enrich and are enriched by the study of the biological and social sciences‚ group behavior‚ history‚ philosophy‚ art‚ and literature. As a developmental
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PSYCHOLOGICAL CASE STUDY: ALICE WALKER 2 Alice Walker was born February 9‚ 1944 to parents Minnie Tallulah Grant and Willie Lee Walker in Eatonton‚ Georgia. Her parents were sharecroppers and her mother worked as a maid to help to supplement the family income. She was the youngest of 8 children. At the age of 8 years old‚ one of her brothers accidentally shot her in the right eye with a BB gun while playing a game of Cowboys and Indians. She became partially blind and developed scar
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Psychological Essay on “The Dark Knight” Hypothesis- The main characters of The Dark Knight is a portrayal of the parts of us that we don’t like to acknowledge. Christopher Nolan the director of ‘The Dark Knight’ and many other psycho-thriller films such as ‘Inception’‚ ‘Following’‚ ‘The Prestige’. He very effectively directs each film in a way that is never going to be predictable‚ each one of Nolan’s films always leave you with questions that demand answers and make you think much deeper into what
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Marketing and environmental stimuli enter the customer’s consciousness‚ and a set of psychological processes combine with certain customer characteristics to result in decision processes and purchase decisions. The marketer’s task is to understand what happens in the customers’s conciousness between the arrival of the our-side marketing stimuli and the ultimate purchase decisions. Four key psychological processes : • Motivation • Perception • Learning • Memory Fundamentally influence customer
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