MOODULE 2: THEORIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELLING THE BEHAVIOURIST THEORY OF COUNSELLING Introduction to Theories A theory can be defined as a systematic way of explaining a fact or an event. It refers to procedure that has been put forward empirically tested that explains a situation as a phenomena. Importance of Theory in Counselling Theories help a counselor to; • Explain the existence of a behaviour by understand if how it’s conceptualized‚ perpetuated and its manifestations
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The Psychodynamic Theory‚ or psychoanalytic as it is also referred to‚ stresses the influence of unconscious forces on human behavior. It is the systematized study and theory of the psychological forces that underlie human behavior‚ emphasizing the interplay between unconscious and conscious motivation (Gallop & Reynolds 2004). Its roots focus on the roles of unconscious sexual and aggressive impulses as a motive for choice and self-direction. The theory presents itself as our way of trying to balance
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changes across their life span. It is important to study psychological development to understand how and why people go through certain changes throughout their life. There are many different areas of psychological development. Two main areas are perceptual development and emotional development. They both have theories that can be related‚ but before you can understand the relations‚ you must first understand the two theories. The theory of perceptual development was created by an American Psychologist
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every film‚ television show‚ and magazine. These themes pertain to every individual’s life in one way or another. Given the opportunity to choose one piece of work to discuss‚ I chose the film “Good Will Hunting.” Good Will Hunting is a drama film from 1997 that revolves around the main character Will Hunting. The movie displays several themes‚ and portrays them in rather dynamic ways. However‚ the aspect I find most intriguing about the film is its lack of a tangible antagonist. Rather‚ the antagonist
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MAJOR PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis is a comprehensive theory about human nature‚ motivation‚ behavior‚ development and experience. And it is a method of treatment for psychological problems and difficulties in living a successful life. As a general theory of individual human behavior and experience‚ psychoanalytic ideas enrich and are enriched by the study of the biological and social sciences‚ group behavior‚ history‚ philosophy‚ art‚ and literature. As a developmental
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In Good Will Hunting’ we see Will‚ the main character go through a journey of personal growth. At the start of the film he is a troubled young man who cannot commit to a relationship due to his poor up bringing and in turn he pushes people away before they get a chance to know him. By the end of the film he has grown to trust people and sees that he has to take risk to get ahead in life‚ this change is brought about by specific moments‚ events and discussions. At the start of the film Will is
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Trauma Theory Psychological trauma can have an everlasting effect on a person’s life. According to Armsworth and Holaday (1993)‚ Psychological trauma occurs when an individual is exposed to an overwhelming event that renders him or her helpless in the face of intolerable danger‚ anxiety‚ and instinctual arousal (p. 49). Anyone no matter what age‚ can experience a traumatic event. However‚ children are the ones mostly affected by a traumatic event. Trauma regardless if it is sexual abuse‚ physical
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Brittany did not choose that life. Will Hunting did not choose that life. No one chooses that life. People overlook the agonizing pain others are subjected to and instead choose to label and berate those born into poverty‚ born into a shitty situation‚ but like Sean McGuire whole heartedly spews‚ “It’s not your fault. It’s not your fault!” Will hunting‚ a boy with an IQ higher than anyone else on this earth‚ was defined by his backstory. In the movie Good Will Hunting‚ two major words emulate from the
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Good Will Hunting (1997)‚ a popular and successful American movie directed by Gus Van Sant‚ is set in Boston‚ and the main character is a young man‚ Will‚ (Matt Damon) who is a genius brain and suffered trauma in his childhood. This movie describes the boy’s conflicts and the relationships among him and the people who surrounding him. It is interesting to examine how elements of psychoanalysis are used in this movie‚ including sublimation‚ projection‚ and repression. First‚ a primary example of
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Psychological Egoism Psychological egoism‚ as a doctrine‚ refers to the notion and ideology that people tend to act and behave in ways that are purposed to fulfill their needs and wishes (Fiester‚ 2012). Generally‚ this point of view endeavors to highlight that most‚ if not all‚ human actions are actuated by rather self-motivated desires that are not easily noticeable. As such‚ it is unequivocal to expound that the proponents of psychological egoism do not advocate or advance for the fact that some
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