NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA COURSE CODE : POL 123 COURSE TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION COURSE GUIDE POL 123 INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Course Team Dr. Justice Igbokwe (Writer) - NDC Dr. C. Nna-Emeka Okereke (Editor) - NDC Ifeyinwa M. Ogbonna-Nwaogu (Coordinator) - NOUN NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA ii POL 123 COURSE GUIDE National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island Lagos Abuja Office
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Trevor Taylor (1979) defines International Relations as "a discipline‚ which tries to explain political activities across state boundaries". Scope of International Relations It is known by now that international relations encompass a myriad of discipline. Attempts to structure and intellectualize it have often been thematically and analytically confined to boundaries determined by data. The core concepts of international relations are International Organization‚ International Law‚ Foreign
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Chandra‚ Subscriptions and Orders Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data James‚ Harold. Monetary and fiscal unification in nineteenth-century Germany : what can Kohl learn from Bismarck? / Harold James. p. cm. — (Essays in international finance ; no. 202) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-88165-109-5 1. Monetary policy—Germany—History—19th century. 2. Fiscal policy—Germany— History—19th century. 3. Monetary unions. I. Title. II. Series. HG136.P7 no. 202 [HG998] 332
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Fiscal Policy‚ Debt and Budget deficits in Thailand The size of Thailand government debt To judge the size of Thailand government debt is to compare it to the debt of other countries and to the debt that Thailand has had during the own past. Table 1 shows the amount of government debt for 34 countries express as a percentage of each country’s GDP in year 2009 and year 2010.On the top of the list are the heavily indebted countries of Japan and Italy‚ which have accumulated a debt that exceed
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Market Research Report Philippines’ Mining Fiscal Regime: H2 2014 ©reportscue Synopsis: Timetric’s Philippines’ fiscal regime report outlines governing bodies‚ governing laws‚ mining permit and contracts‚ mining rights and obligations‚ and tax-related information on seven commodities: iron ore‚ coal‚ copper‚ zinc‚ gold‚ nickel and chromium. Report Overview: The Philippines has a variety of mineral resources‚ including copper‚ nickel‚ cobalt‚ and gold. Deposits are categorized into metals and
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r t Fiscal policy role and development in Bulgaria and in the EU Fiscal policy is a set of measures by the government aimed to slow or stimulate the economy. Such measures are changes in tax policy and government spending. With the changes that are made the government influence directly to the demand. Fiscal policy is based on the theories of the British economist John Maynard Keynes. The idea is that the state can influence the economy by increasing or reducing the taxes and public spending
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Theoretical Models of Public Policymaking The "Policy Process Theory" just described is a good model to describe public policymaking‚ but it has little explanatory power. In other words‚ you cannot make predictions from this model. It simply states that a policy first begins on an agenda‚ it is then formulated‚ adopted‚ implemented and evaluated. But it has no theoretical framework to allow one to predict how a policy ends up on the agenda‚ or if a policy will be adopted. The "Political
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Moving Forward? Assessing Public Administration Reform in Afghanistan BRIEFING PAPER Sarah Lister September 2006 Moving Forward? Assessing Public Administration Reform in Afghanistan Overview Contents I. Introduction II. Public Administration Reform in Afghanistan III. The Scorecard: Achievements and Problems To Date IV. What can we learn from PAR elsewhere? V. What does PAR in Afghanistan need to succeed? VI. Ways Forward Successful public administration reform (PAR) in Afghanistan
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Was the fiscal crisis unequivocally Greece’s fault? To blame the whole eurozone fiscal crisis on the Greek economy would be a mistake‚ nonetheless it had a major role in the magnitude of the situation by emphasizing the weight and importance of this crisis. The understatement of the gravity of their public debt came up when the global financial crisis started in 2008‚ at that point the greek economy started to crash having a snow ball effect on the rest of the zone. The weight of Greece on the
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PART I INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS The Scope and Method of Economics 1 The study of economics should begin with a sense of wonder. Pause for a moment and consider a typical day in your life. It might start with a bagel made in a local bakery with flour produced in Minnesota from wheat grown in Kansas and bacon from pigs raised in Ohio packaged in plastic made in New Jersey. You spill coffee from Colombia on your shirt made in Texas from textiles shipped from South Carolina. After class you drive
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