“The idea that a public sphere to which everyone can contribute on equal terms is simply a fantasy.” To believe that there exists a public sphere where every single member contributes on an equal level is highly unrealistic. Correspondingly‚ many academics have critically supported as well as argued against this view. There will be discussion of the public sphere and various writer’s views and concepts regarding it‚ with specific references to Howley (2007) and Turnbull (2006)‚ as well as Hackett
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According to the Mosby’s Medical‚ Nursing‚ & Allied Health Dictionary health is defined as a condition of physical‚ mental‚ and social well being and the absence of disease or other abnormal conditions. It is not a static condition; constant change and adaptation to stress result in homeostasis. Rene Dubos has been quoted in nursing education as saying “The states of health or disease are the expressions of the success or failure experienced by the organism in its efforts to respond adaptively to
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PR99 – Contemporary Public Relations Study Guide 1. All of the following are to be considered when making ethical decisions in public relations EXCEPT: * Ethical decisions are based on: the public interest‚ employer or client‚ * professional organization code of ethics and personal values. 2. Which demographic group is the largest consumer of television‚ magazines‚ books‚ and newspapers? * Baby Boomers 3. “Respecting all opinions and supporting the right of
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Let us first understand what is meant by Public Finance. Public finance of country‚ as is obvious by the name‚ is the money collection of a country’s Government by way of taxes. The sources of revenue of the States and the Centre are called the public finance of a country‚ and this is because this amount of money is the money earned by the public and given to the Government for development works‚ and this is exactly why this money is termed as public finance. Lately‚ the sources of revenue of the
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Topic 6: Externalities and Public Goods An externality is created when the actions of participants in a private market affect the well being of someone not directly associated with that market. Consider the market for paper. Paper creates a byproduct in its production called dioxin. Dioxin affects innocent bystanders by causing cancer and birth defects. This is a negative externality in production because the paper firm doesn’t consider this cost to society when making production decisions
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Overview of Central Public Sector Enterprises The government-owned corporations play a pivotal role in the economic development of emerging economies because their participation is higher in the industrial and commercial activities of these economies. Resource constraints and limited scope of the private sector in the early stages of development and planning have set the stage for predominance of the public enterprises in these economies. Thus‚ public sectors in the leading developing countries
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Public Public Relations PR The main goal of a public relations department is to enhance a company’s reputation. Staff that work in public relations‚ or as it is commonly known‚ PR‚ are skilled publicists. They are able to present a company or individual to the world in the best light. The role of a public relations department can be seen as a reputation protector. Role of PR: Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing the flow of information between an organization and its publics
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10 Definitions of Public Relations 1. “Public relations is essentially a communication function‚ but with the emphasis on the two-way nature of the communications process.” –Book of “Public Relations Principles and Practice” by Philip J Kitchen 2. “Public relations adalah semua bentuk komunikasi yang terencana‚ baik itu ke dalam maupun ke luar‚ antara suatu organisasi dengan semua khalayaknya dalam rangka mencapai tujuan-tujuan spesifik yang berlandaskan pada saling pengertian” – (Frank Jefkins
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The History of Public Utilities A public utility is a business that supplies an amenity to the public at large. Public utilities provide water‚ electricity‚ natural gas‚ telephone service‚ trash and other essentials. With the rise of the cellular phone the telephone utility has seen a decrease in use. Typically a public utility has a natural monopoly on the service it provides. It is more economically efficient to have only one business provide the service. When it comes to charging for the services
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Week 1: Chapter 3- Role of the public relations practitioner Key roles for PR: Managerial Operational Reflective (role of analysing changing social values to adjust to organisations‚ standards and values of social responsibility and is aimed at influencing the dominant coalition). Educational (aims to increase communication competence of employees). • Systems theory works on a basis that everything in the social world is part of a system that interacts with other systems on that
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