Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Its diagnosis is usually based on the pattern of symptoms‚ response to therapy over time. In severe cases hospitalization can be required. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)‚ also known as chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD)‚ this disease defined by persistently poor airflow in the lungs as a result of breakdown of lung tissue (known as emphysema) and dysfunction of the small airways. Primary symptoms
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COPD COPD is characterized by airflow limitation that is poorly reversible. Cumulative‚ chronic exposure to cigarette smoking is the number one cause of the disease‚ but repeated exposure to secondhand smoke‚ air pollution and occupational exposure (to coal‚ cotton‚ grain) are also important risk factors. Chronic inflammation plays a major role in COPD pathophysiology. Smoking and other airway irritants cause neutrophils‚ T-lymphocytes‚ and other inflammatory
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Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory airways disorder which leads to bronchoconstriction of the trachea and shorten the breath. It is a global serious health problem‚ where 5% to 10% of different age peoples suffer this disorder (Ukena‚ Fishman‚ & Niebling‚ 2008). Bronchial asthma has many manifestations as the recurrent acute shortness of breath episodes‚ which typically occur at night and early morning hours. In addition‚ it could cause other symptoms including wheezing‚ coughing‚ and feeling
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Copyright © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) promotes awareness‚ education‚ and care for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The committee annually reviews evidence-based guidelines for prevention‚ diagnosis‚ and treatment of COPD. We give you an overview of these guidelines. By Brenda L. Smith‚ MSN‚ RN‚ CMSRN Nursing Instructor • UPMC Shadyside School
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auscultation‚ she had normal heart sounds with no murmurs. There was an expiratory wheeze throughout both lungs. I could hear crepes bilaterally‚ more on the right than left- crackly on inspiration and wheezy on expiration‚ which could possibly suggest pulmonary oedema. On palpation‚ percussion was more resonant on the left‚ as was vocal and tactile fremitus. There was also more chest expansion on the left than right. She showed signs of peripheral oedema bilaterally at the ankles. This patient appears
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Group Case Study: Emphysema D.Z.‚ a 65-year-old man‚ is admitted to a medical floor for exacerbation of his chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; emphysema). He has a past medical history of hypertension‚ which has been well controlled by Enalapril (Vasotec) for the past 6 years. He has had pneumonia yearly for the past 3 years‚ and has been a 2-pack-a-day smoker for 38 years. He appears as a cachectic man who is experiencing difficulty breathing at rest. He reports cough productive of thick
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life‚ or to property(wikipedia). The presence of pollutants in the outdoor air contributes to numerous health effects ranging fro m irritation and odor to acute and long term lung impairments‚ such as chronic bronchitis‚ asthma‚ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)‚ lung cancer‚ and cardiovascular problems(Suwanwaiphatthana‚ 2010). Children‚ especially those under 8 years of age‚ are at greater risk fro m outdoor air pollution due to lung development and function(Suwanwaiphatthana‚ 2010). Every
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD is a slow and progressive obstruction of the airways. There are two categories of COPD. These are emphysema‚ a condition where there is abnormal and permanent destruction and enlargement of the alveoli. Chronic bronchitis is a productive cough and inflammation of the bronchi and other lung changes. Smoking and second hand smoke exposure are the main contributors to this disease. Other contributing factors can be environmental air pollution and genetics
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Asthma is a respitory inflammatory disease prevalent in the lives of many Australians‚ this condition has been though to be brought on through a client’s genetics or environmental factors such as air pollution. Asthma can often be categorized through a patients noticable and long-term symptoms which will be detailed through out this case. This case study for the patient depicted dislosures the pathophysiology and management of an asthmatic process. Though there is no cure for asthma‚ there are a
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Tobacco is also used in preparation of some medicines. But when tobacco is used just for pleasure‚ is harmful to life. Smoking causes many harmful diseases like lung cancer‚ emphysema‚ heart attacks‚ high blood pressure‚ and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and can lead to birth effects. Some people smoke just for fashion. Generally a person starts smoking with friends or colleagues just for fun. Slowly they get addicted and later they reach to a stage where they can’t resist themselves from
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