Synthesis of t-Pentyl Chloride Introduction: Using SN1 reaction mechanism with hydrochloric acid‚ t-Pentyl alcohol was converted to t-Pentyl chloride in an acid catalyzed reaction. The reaction took place in a separatory funnel designed to separate immiscible liquids. The crude product was extracted by transferring a solute from one solvent to another. The process of washing the solutions by phase transfer was used in order to remove impurities from the main solvent layer. Finally‚ the crude
Premium Ethanol Solvent Distillation
Title: Reaction of Iodoethane with Sodium Saccharin- Ambient Nucleophile Dates Performed: February 21 + 28‚ 2013 Date Submitted: March 14‚ 2013 Abstract: The product ratio of N-ethylsaccharin to O-ethylsaccharin that occurred due to alkylation with iodoethane at 80 oC was determined to be 81.5% to 18.5%‚ respectively‚ based on an analysis of the 1H NMR spectrum that was collected. The melting point range of 87.8-94.7 oC also indicated that the mixture was largely composed of N-ethylsaccharin
Premium Nucleophile
shielding and penetration on AO energies • Bonding – Review VSEPR and Hybridisation – Linear combination of molecular orbitals (LCAO)‚ bonding / antibonding – Labelling of molecular orbitals (MOs) (σ‚ π and g‚ u) – Homonuclear diatomic MO diagrams – mixing of different AO’s – More complex molecules (CO‚ H2O ….) – MO diagrams for Transition metal complexes An introduction to Molecular Orbital Theory 6 Lecture Course Prof S.M.Draper SNIAMS Institute 2.5 smdraper@tcd.ie 2 Lecture
Premium Electron configuration Quantum mechanics Electron
How can we contribute towards our society in the smallest possible way? We are apes‚copycatsof west in Culture‚Fashion‚Independence‚Freedom.We as individuals need to understand our responsibility.Our youths have loved their dresses‚became party animals‚night owls have engaged live-in relationships.Teenagers can be seen flaunting in front of their comrades. But friends i would like to raise a question ain’t we trampling our freedom?Are we really behaving as human beings and not opportunist animals
Premium House Cleanliness Place
Sodium‚ one of many elements in the periodic table is being used in everyday life‚ it is also an essential element within your body. It is just another element‚ but one of the differences is that this element is something that most people consume every day. Sodium has played an important role in everyday life because of its uses in medicine‚ industry‚ and agriculture(Shriver). Sodium was discovered in 1807 by a man named Sir Humphrey Davy. He was well known for his discoveries of most alkali metals
Free Periodic table Chemical element Sodium
1. Atomic and Molecular Structure a. Students know how to relate the position of an element in the periodic table to its atomic number and atomic mass. The Periodic Table organizes elements by their atomic number - from hydrogen (1) to whatever is the highest one currently known (>105). It is arranged so that similiar members fall in a list such as Chlorine Bromine etc.. The average atomic weight is usually shown with each element‚ but due to isotopes (caused buy nuclear varations)
Free Atom Chemical element Periodic table
Origin of Species"‚ introducing that genetic evolution allowed adaptation over time to produce organisms best suited to the environment 1865 Gregor Mendel investigated "traits" passed from parents to prodigy and coined the terms dominant and recessive traits 1869 Johann Meisher isolated DNA from the nuclei of white blood cells 1875 Charles Darwin introduced "gemmules" as mechanism of inheritance 1902 Walter Sutton created term "gene" to describe "factors" located on
Premium DNA
Purpose: The Purpose of this lab is to utilize‚ demonstrate and understand the various techniques and procedures used to gravimetric labs. For this particular lab we will utilize our scientific knowledge of related to gravimetric procedures to find the chloride content in an unknown soluble salt. Theory: Using our developed knowledge of the conservation of mass‚ solubility and precipitation it is possible (with some degree of error) to know the content of chlorine in a particular salt by dissolving it
Premium Chemistry Water Solution
Module 1 ‘Introduction to Molecular Biology’ Learning Objectives (Chapter 6) Molecular Biology‚ DNA‚ chromosomes‚ and the central dogma. Understand Nucleic Acid Structure and properties (including alternate forms of DNA structure and supercoiling‚ and renaturation) Explain the nature of Prokaryotic Chromosome Understand the differences in re-association kinetics of single-copy vs. repeated sequence Understand how DNA re-association provides a measure of genome size in base pairs Functions
Premium DNA
Sodium hypochlorite‚ also known as chlorine bleach‚ soda bleach‚ or household bleach is a chemical with the formula NaClO. A common way sodium hypochlorite gets into the San Francisco bay is through daily household cleaning products such as laundry bleach. In a survey conducted by The Clorox Company‚ it was found that four out of five households use sodium hypochlorite bleach for their laundry. Since laundry detergent companies are not required to list every ingredient‚ customers are often not aware
Premium Water Water pollution Drinking water