Ultra thin film coatings can be used in a wide range of applications as lubricants‚ anti-stiction layers‚ molecular glues‚ coupling agents or adhesion layers. The mentioned molecular coatings are used to modify material surface properties. The traditional coating deposition methods consist of a set of sequential wet baths. The wet processing method is complex and limits the ability of molecular coating in many MEMS applications. The use of liquid precursors has extremely limited bath life‚ which cause
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Lithium‚Sodium‚Potassium‚Rubidium‚Caesium and Francium are all part of group 1.They are metals that can be easily cut.After being cut‚it is shiny but it quickly tarnishes due to the fact that the metal reacts quickly with oxygen or water.The shiny surfaces of Sodium quickly tarnishes more quickly than Lithium and Potassium more tarnishes more quickly than Lithium.This shows that the reactivity increases as we move down the group. Figure 1 Elements Melting point Boiling point Thermal
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Similar to potassium‚ sodium is a major mineral‚ however‚ unlike potassium which maintains fluid and electrolyte balance inside the cell‚ sodium is a major part of the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance system because it is the chief ion used to maintain the volume of fluid outside cells. Sodium also helps maintain acid-base balance and is essential to muscle contraction and nerve transmission. The DRI recommended intakes for sodium for adults ages 19 to 50 years old is 1‚500 milligrams per day
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Regular Exercise and Healthy Eating Habits in Losing Weight “Diet is about weight. Exercise is about health” (Dr. Robert Lustig) Long-term results are consistent factor to keeping healthy lifestyle. Dieting in order of losing weight is consistent of healthy eating habits daily. Regular exercise not only helps lose weight. It also prevents individuals from chronic disease. Losing or maintaining weight can be a challenge for many of us. It gets hard to juggle so many things in your life and stay
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Variables in Glucose Tolerance lab was to examine the changes in blood sugar during glucose tolerance test conducted with test rats. We will be using three rats and perform the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test to measure the glucose levels in the rats blood. The oral glucose tolerance test is a laboratory method to check how the body breaks down (metabolizes) blood sugar. Glucose is the sugar that the body uses for energy. Patients with untreated diabetes have high blood glucose levels. Glucose tolerance
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ATP Synthase: The World’s Smallest Motor Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a coenzyme produced in cellular mitochondria and is not only integral to cellular metabolism but also to life. The mitochondrial production of ATP‚ which occurs through a complex process called oxidative phosphorylation‚ has been determined to rely heavily on the enzyme ATP synthase. This determination was the result of a complex experiment that attempted to prove not only that ATP synthase was responsible for production
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Glucose challenge was conducted through intravenous application of 50% glucose (0.3 g/kg of body weight) in 1 min periods in the antecubital vein. The clock was restarted at the beginning of glucose application. Samples used for measuring insulin and c-peptides were taken precisely in +2 min‚ +4 min‚ +6 min and +8 min after initiation of glucose administration. Samples for measuring glycemia were taken in +2 min‚ +4 min‚ +6 min and +8 min. Upon completed sampling‚ insulin infusion was stopped‚ while
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Introduction Glucose is very important in our daily lives. It gives us energy to carry out all of our activities. Cells in our bodies need glucose to respire and in the process release the energy we need. Glucose is also a type of carbohydrate. It has a chemical formula of C6H12O6 and is a monosaccharide reducing sugar (Kolej Mara Banting – Students’ Handbook for Biology HL Year 1). It is the simplest form of carbohydrate. In this experiment‚ sulphuric acid‚ H2SO4 and potassium permanganate
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liquid soaps‚ shampoos and soft soaps because it produces soap of soft consistency and higher solubility in water. Other raw materials: * Builders These are essentially used to build up soaps. Examples of alkali builders are sodium carbonate‚ sodium silicate and sodium sulfate.
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Chemical Reactions- Sodium Hydroxide A chemical reaction is a change where two or more substances are changed into a new substance. You can identify a chemical reaction by colour change‚ effervescence (bubbles)‚ when light or heat given off‚ and the change is usually irreversible. There are 6 main types of chemical reactions- combustion (often called burning)‚ synthesis‚ decomposition‚ neutralization‚ single replacement and double replacement. A combustion reaction is a reaction with oxygen‚ and
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