Scientific Basis Congestive Heart Failure is a disease in which the heart is unable to properly keep up with the amount of blood being sent to the heart. The heart muscle itself‚ in the case of heart failure‚ is unable to sufficiently pump the blood away from the heart and to the body to keep up with the incoming deoxygenated flow. This failure to pump blood can build up pressure and cause additional pumping resistance. The decreased cardiac output of heart failure causes the circulation to become
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000 new cases per year of peptic ulcer and 4 million ulcer recurrences; the lifetime prevalence of ulcers in the adult population is approximately 10%. * Ulcers occur five times more commonly in the duodenum‚ where over 95% are in the bulb or pyloric channel. In the stomach‚ benign ulcers are located most commonly in the antrum (60%) and at the junction of the antrum and body on the lesser curvature (25%). * Ulcers occur slightly more commonly in men than in women. Although ulcers can occur
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ONCOLOGIC NURSING CANCER A group of heterogeneous diseases that share common biologic properties. All cancers are genetic and share common molecular pathogenesis and are a result of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Abnormal cell differentiation and growth results in an abnormal mass of tissue‚ called a neoplasm. Benign Growth Patterns Hypertrophy – increase in cell size Hyperplasia – increase in cell number Metaplasia – conversion of one cell type to another Dysplasia
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favorite positions‚ he wrote down "quarterback" and "defensive back." Peyton won the starting quarterback job at Newman as a sophomore 1991. Cooper‚ who had accepted a scholarship to Ole Miss‚ had been diagnosed with a rare disease called spinal stenosis. Doctors said he would never play football again. Peyton was devastated. He wrote a letter to his brother telling him just how he
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0.35 - 0.50 Coma Complete unconsciousness Depressed or abolished reflexes Subnormal body temperature Incontinence Impairment of circulation and respiration Possible death 0.45 + Death Death from respiratory arrest ________________________________________ Absorption Alcohol is absorbed from all parts of the gastrointestinal tract largely by simple diffusion into the blood. However the small intestine is by far the most efficient region of the gastrointestinal tract for alcohol absorption
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Introduction: Disorders that cause biliary obstruction are common causes of jaundice and asymptomatic hyperbilirubinemia. In the elderly‚ such symptoms raise concern for a pancreatic carcinoma that compresses the common bile duct‚ particularly when the patient presents in conjunction with weight loss‚ asthenia‚ and imaging concerning for a mass. Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP)‚ however‚ is an infrequently recognized disorder that presents similarly to pancreatic cancer‚ and must be considered when
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Patient Case Question 1: For which condition is this patient likely taking nifedipine? Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure and chest pain. Patient’s past medical history indicates that he has had hypertension “for years‚” the patient is most likely taking Nifedipine to manage this condition. May also be taking nifedipine so as to prevent chest pain from his past condition of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Patient Case Question 2: For which condition is this
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Disturbances of Growth Congenital Anomalies Agnesia: complete absence of an organ. Aplasia: complete failure of development of an organ. It is represented by fibrous tissue. Hypoplasia: Failure of an organ to reach the full adult size. Atrophy Definition: decrease in size and weight of organ or tissue due to decrease in size and / or number of its cells. Atrophic cells are usually replaced by firbous tissue‚ less commonly by fatty tissue. Types of atrophy: Physiologic Atrophy: **Atrophy
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Nutrition Test Review CHAPTER 1 * Scientific Method: Observation Hypothesis Experiment Results Support/Not Support Hypothesis * Sources of Reliable Nutrition Info * Know who the person is * .gov‚ .edu‚ .org * Types of Studies: * Epidemiological Studies – Studies disease/incidence in a population * Cross-Sectional Studies – Observe what people eat * Case-Control Study – Comparing someone with a disease to someone without it * Cohort – Analyze
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Risk factors for stroke may be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable. Non-modifiable risk factors for stroke include age‚ sex‚ ethnicity and heredity. Hypertension‚ smoking‚ cardiovascular disease‚ diabetes‚ asymptomatic carotid stenosis‚ atrial fibrillation‚ dyslipidemia‚ unhealthy diet‚ obesity‚ physical inactivity and post-menopausal hormone therapy are established modifiable risk factors for stroke (Goldstein et al.‚ 2001). The estimated stroke risk also increases with the number
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