E c o n o m i c & S o c i a l DESA Working Paper No. 80 ST/ESA/2009/DWP/80 August 2009 A f f a i r s The Bottom of the Pyramid Strategy for Reducing Poverty: A Failed Promise Aneel Karnani Abstract The movement emphasizing free markets to reduce poverty has found strong expression in the ‘bottom of the pyramid’ approach in recent years. It views the poor as “resilient and creative entrepreneurs and value-conscious consumers”. This romanticized view of the poor harms the poor in
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American Intervention and Philippine Independence By: Ha Z Dignadice Eulimay Gillang The Spanish-American War of 1898 • Cuba ‚ Spanish Colony in the West Indies‚ revolted against its colonial master sometime in February‚ 1895. • Governor-General Valeriano Weyler commander of the Spanish Forces in Cuba. • American businessmen had huge investments in the sugar industry in Cuba. • President William McKinley sent the US battleship Maine to Cuba for the purpose of evacuating American citizens in case
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need to have the ability to analyze all of our data and use it to create internal and external analytics for a digital one-to-one experience‚ similar to Amazon. I feel over the past 40 years Vanguard would be in Stage 2 of the analytical completion pyramid. We were never ‘flying blind’ as described in in Stage 1 but the rigor of systematically being able to leverage data for fact based decision making was minimal. Marketing was determined more by what we felt the customer wanted or management intuition
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and decorations on my wall further affirm my conscious and unconscious thoughts and behaviors. Coach John Wooden’s Pyramid of Success is over my computer reminding me of more timeless principles and values proven to be worthy of champions. An F-16 (painting over my desk) going pure vertical reminds me that I’m always growing upwards toward a high level each day. Under the pyramid is my highest decoration from the USAF. It’s the Distinguished Flying Cross for Valor. Charles Lindbergh received
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achievements is The Great Sphinx and The Egyptian Pyramids. These are two superb achievements because of the details‚ precise planning‚ and advanced technology and knowledge needed to complete these massive structures. The belief that the Egyptians made these structures is on a very thin line. Many individuals believe because of the Egyptians time era and the technology within that era‚ that it is possibly impossible they could create The Sphinx and Pyramids. Some have even said it was put there by some
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Norms‚ rules‚ roles‚ and networks are situational factors that influence encoding and decoding of both verbal and nonverbal messages within a culture. Norms are culturally ingrained principles of correct and incorrect behaviors that‚ if broken‚ carry a form of overt or covert penalty. Rules are formed to clarify cloudy areas of norms. A role includes the behavioral expectations of a position within a culture and is affected by norms and rules. They are unwritten guidelines people within cultural
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our common biological and psychological heritage as human beings and are shared by all people. We are constantly changing from the moment we are born until the day we die. Some changes are personal choice and other are by chance. Reviewing Maslow’s pyramid hierarchy; when basic needs are not met it takes a sociological effect. Physiological needs are breathing‚ food‚ water‚ shelter‚ clothing and sleep. Safety and security needs are health‚ employment‚ property‚ family and social stability. Love and
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LOST IN TRANSITION: THE WORLD ACCORDING TO EGYPT’S SCAF Middle East Report N°121 – 24 April 2012 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Since it assumed power after Hosni Mubarak’s ouster‚ the performance of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) has been‚ at times‚ head-scratching. Extolled in the wake of the uprising as the revolution’s protector‚ many have come to view it as an agent of the counter-revolution. It often has been obstinate‚ before abruptly yielding to pressure. It values its long ties with
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TAXATION RATING 6/10 advantages: -Higher price --> less supplied and consumed of demerit goods. Increase in consumer welfare. -Government gains revenue. -Tax receipts can be used to further help with problem e.g. Taxing alcoholic drinks and using the receipts to add funding to the NHS or policing. Disadvantages: -If demand is very income inelastic (e.g. cigarettes) then consumption would not greatly reduce-> potential for black market. If consumption does remain the same then taxation is just
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Gatsby strode gracefully alongside Daisy whose eyes were determinedly watching her white patent leather shoes as they hit the soft‚ sumptuous rug in the room’s foyer and carried her along the glowing red hallway to the ornate steel cage encasing the hotel’s elevator. The flame that once seemed to flicker between them had been snuffed out and was replaced with a painful muteness. With a deft movement of his arm Mr Gatsby slid open the cage and they stepped inside. At the pull of a lever the ground
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