Southwest Airlines Fuel Hedging and Relations to Profitability Abstract In order to stay airborne‚ a passenger airline has to consistently generate profits. Profits come only from paying passengers‚ hence all stratagems must be customer oriented. In a scenario where there are many airlines competing with each other‚ one way of attracting passengers is to keep the cost of flying low‚ while providing value for money. On the other hand‚ expenses must tightly controlled to reach and stay at the
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Negotiations between Airline Company Qantas and Unions groups‚ Transport Workers Union (TWU) and Australian and International Pilots Association (AIPA) Task1 Both Trade unions TWU and AIPA both identify their main Substantive issues as an increase in pay. AIPA negotiate with Qantas over pay‚ pilots have been offered a 2.5% pay increase. AIPA argues that this increase does not match the inflation rates and in real terms the pilots will be going backwards not forwards. Although AIPA is confident
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HOW INTEREST RATES AFFECT OUR PURCHASING DECISIONS Fluctuating interest rates have a decidedly large impact on purchasing decisions. Higher interest rates mean that consumers don’t have as much disposable income and must cut back on spending. When higher interest rates are coupled with increased lending‚ banks makes fewer loans. Lower interest rates make it easier for farmers and manufacturers to borrow to invest in equipment and buildings. That gives business more incentive to invest
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Qantas | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | Revenue | 15060 | 15627 | 14552 | 13772 | 14894 | Net income($M) | 673 | 970 | 123 | 116 | 249 | Net profit margin | 4.48% | 6.23% | 0.85% | 0.84% | 1.67% | × Asset turnover | 0.77 | 0.79 | 0.73 | 0.69 | 0.71 | = ROA | 3.45% | 4.92% | 0.61% | 0.58% | 1.19% | × Financial leverage | 3.45 | 3.44 | 3.49 | 3.34 | 3.40 | = ROE | 11.93% | 16.91% | 2.13% | 1.94% | 4.05% | NOPAT margin | 6.48% | 8.72% | 1.40% | 1
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monetary shocks considered are shocks to the interest rate reaction function equal to 1% compared to the steady-state value for one year. The temporary scal policy shocks correspond to an increase in spending or a decline in revenue for the government of 1% of the baseline GDP‚ for two years. A permanent shock‚ instead‚ consists on a permanent increase in government spending equal to 1% of the steady-state GDP. Benchmark Case: Response to Interest Rate Shocks The authors
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Case Study: QANTAS (Jetstar Pacific) Qantas Airline is considered to provide the longest distance travel in the world’s leading aviation. Qantas works alongside Jetstar‚ which is known as the lowest domestic and international fare provider in Australia and Singapore (Qantas Airways Limited 2013). Qantas has expanded its operations internationally to Vietnam through Jetstar Pacific by the joint venture strategic alliance (Trade Dealer 2012). In this case study it is essential to understand firstly
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AFM 322 Hedging Currency Risk at AIFS 1. Case Synopsis Christopher Archer-Lock and Becky Tabaczynski both work for American Institute for Foreign Study (“AIFS”). Archer-Lock is the controller of AIFS and Tabaczynski is the CFO of AIFS’s high school travel division ACIS. AIFS a student exchange organization that organizes educational and cultural exchange programs throughout the world. Founded in the U.S. in 1964‚ AIFS has annual revenues of close to $200 million and sent more than 50‚000 students
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Fuel Hedging in the Airline Industry: The Case of Southwest Airlines By Dave Carter a‚ Dan Rogers b‚ and Betty Simkins c a College of Business Administration‚ Oklahoma State University‚ Stillwater‚ OK 74078-4011‚ Phone: (405) 744-5104‚ Email: dcarter@okstate.edu b School of Business Administration‚ Portland State University‚ Portland‚ OR 97207-0751‚ Phone: (503) 725-3790‚ Email: danr@sba.pdx.edu c CONTACT AUTHOR: College of Business Administration‚ Oklahoma State University‚ Stillwater
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3 LIBOR 7 9 10 Floating Rate Received 8 10 11 Fixed Rate Paid 8 8 8 Swap Differential 0 2 3 Net Dollar Amount Received (Based on a Notional Value of $50 Million) 0 1000000 1500000 b. Determine the dollar amount to be received (or paid) by the counterparty on this interest rate swap each year based on the forecasts of LIBOR assumed above. ANSWER: Year 1 = $0; Year 2 = $1‚000‚000 paid; Year 3 = $1‚500‚000 paid 2. Interest Rate Caps. Northbrook Bank purchases
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Glossary: 1) Interest rates: An interest rate is the rate at which interest is paid by borrowers to use the money they borrow from a lender. The annualized cost of credit or debt calculated as the percentage ratio of interest to the client. Each bank can determine its own interest rate on loans‚ but in practice local rates are about the same from bank to bank. In general‚ interest rates rise in periods of inflation‚ higher demand for credit‚ narrow money‚ or because of higher reserve requirements
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