storage tank from 1899. However‚ the documented history of the Royal Dutch/shell group the Indo-Pak subcontinent dates back to 1903 when a partnership was struck between the shell transporter and trading company and the Royal Dutch petroleum company to supply petroleum products in Asia. With their key indicators of progress already soaring to new heights‚ Shell is committed to dedicate all its energies‚ resources and the time to bring higher value and satisfaction to their customers‚ employees
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billion USD industry (as in March ’2007). The India oil & gas demand ranks it sixth in the world. The oil and gas industry has been instrumental in fuelling the rapid growth of the Indian economy. The petroleum and natural gas sector which includes transportation‚ refining and marketing of petroleum products and gas constitutes over 15 per cent of the GDP. OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY OVERVIEW The oil and gas history in India dates back to 1867‚ with the discovery of oil deposits in Makum‚ near Margherita
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Canada and many other nations have increased their dependence on products derived from petroleum. Manifestations of our dependence on oil include fuel for automobiles and houses‚ as well as its usage for the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and plastics. (EPA‚ 2012). Since the demand for oil is high‚ it needs to be distributed in large volumes increasing the propensity for spillage. An oil spill occurs when petroleum is inadvertently expelled into the environment. Oil spills principally occur two ways;
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Tehmas Zaki Introduction: Attock Refinery Limited (ARL) was incorporated as a Private Limited Company in November‚ 1978 to take over the business of the Attock Oil Company Limited (AOC) relating to refining of crude oil and supplying of refined petroleum products. It was subsequently converted into a Public Limited Company in June‚ 1979 and is listed on the three Stock Exchanges of the country. The Company is also registered with Central Depository Company of Pakistan Limited (CDC). Original paid-up
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bonds. They are the least reactive of the organic compounds. The main source is crude oil. Hydrocarbon- a compound consisting only of hydrogen and carbon Saturated- Contain single carbon -carbon bonds only Unsaturated-contains a C=C bond Petroleum fraction- mixture of hydrocarbons with a similar chain length and boiling range The general formula for is CnH2n+2 (for ring alkanes is CnH2n) Physical properties Polarity They are almost non-polar because the electronegitivities of carbon(2
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procure and market petroleum products in the domestic Kenyan market as well as for export to the neighbouring Great Lakes region in Africa. The full range of petroleum products are marketed by the Company‚ these include Petrol (PMS) Refinery margin system (RMS) Dual purpose kerosene (DPK) Diesel (AGO) Industrial diesel (IDO) Jet engine fuel (A1) Fuel oil Bitumen. Perfect International Limited commenced her operations in (year) and became a signatory to the Kenya Petroleum refinery ltd
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the Nigerian Petroleum Industry recently. Crude oil‚ since its discovery in commercial quantity in 1956‚ has been the main economic stay of my country‚ Nigeria. Mbendi (2012) reveals that Nigeria is the 10th largest oil producer in the world‚ the 3rd largest in Africa and the lost prolific oil producer in Sub-Saharan Africa; Nigeria is also a member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). The oil industry in Nigeria is regulated by the Ministry of Petroleum Resources who
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shipping traffic and the numerous amount of chemical and petroleum terminals located along its shore‚ Newark is extremely vulnerable to spills and accidents. Between 1982 and 1991 the United States Coast Guard (USCG) National Response Center’s computerized database indicated more than 1453 accidental incidents. This resulted in the release of more than 18 million US gallons of hazardous materials and petroleum products. Much of the spill was petroleum materials consisting of No. 6 fuel oil and gasoline
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Journal of Petroleum Science and Technology An Investigation into the Physical Properties of Polyethylene Gas Pipes by the Incorporation of Anti-rodent Masterbatches Ahmad Nalbandi*and Homayon Hossein Khanli Abstract The incorporation of several anti-rodent masterbatches into polyethylene (PE) granules used for gas pipes and the effects of the masterbatches on the physical properties of the pipes were studied. Four commercial anti-rodent masterbatches from different international companies
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OIL CONSERVATION In view of the need to reduce the ever-increasing gap between demand and indigenous supply of crude oil and petroleum products the Government has accorded top priority to conservation of petroleum products. Towards this end various steps to promote conservation of petroleum products in the transport‚ industrial‚ agricultural and domestic sectors have been initiated. These include adoption of measures and practices which are conducive to increase fuel efficiency and training
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