Comparing Accounting Software Programs to Manual Accounting Manual accounting uses several paper ledgers to record financial transactions. It is very time consuming to record each single transaction onto paper‚ being very cautious not to make an error. There are several ledgers for each part of the accounting system‚ such as accounts payable‚ accounts receivable‚ and revenue accounts. Combining these ledgers into one general ledger‚ provide the balance for each ledger. The general ledger
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References: Warren‚ C.‚ Reeve‚ J.‚ and Duchac‚ J (2007). Accounting. 23rd ed South-Western‚ cengage learning in thousands except share data | January 3‚ 2009 | December 29‚ in thousands except share data | December 29‚ 2007 | December30‚
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standard number of years to get a college degree; standard number of hours to get a good night’s sleep; standard amount of time spent to pass CPA‚ etc). Variance is the difference between the actual and the standard (Favorable variance vs. unfavorable variance). III. Standard cost To establish the standard cost of producing a product‚ it is necessary to establish standards for each manufacturing cost element— direct materials‚ direct labor‚ and manufacturing overhead IV.
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Accrual Accounting: Income is recorded as you invoice customers‚ and expenses are recorded when you receive bills from vendors‚ regardless of when cash is actually exchanged. This presents a truer picture of income and expenses. Most companies use this method. Cash-Basis Accounting: Income is recorded when cash (checks‚ money orders‚ or currency) is received‚ and expenses are recorded when paid. However‚ unpaid credit sales and purchases do not show on ledgers‚ which can present a misleading
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Table of Contents Case 1 Introduction Jill’s business is expanding while the up going GST prevent her from gaining more profits. The idea of replacing the labor with the help of new equipment will bring about an unprofitable break-even point. However Jill still insist on borrowing from bank to invest in the equipment regardless of the CVP analysis result‚ which raised some ethical issues. Analysis Question 1 Defining the stakeholders There are 5 major stakeholders arising
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between accrual-basis accounting and cash-basis accounting? The variation between accrual basis accounting and cash basis accounting‚ is how cash is documented. Cash basis is an accounting basis that is used when expenses and revenue are paid out or received. This is when the transaction will be recorded. In accrual-basis accounting‚ transactions are recorded when they actually happen. Payment does not need to be made for the transaction to be recognized in accrual-basis accounting unlike cash-basis
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Nature of Accounting and the Accounting Standard Background Accounting is an important part for business and it is dubbed “language” of business activities conducted by firms. People think it is used to communicate business transactions per se to all stakeholders. However‚ some people argue that the functions of accounting are not that easy. Except the communication tool‚ accounting acts as many other difference roles in business. When doing accounting‚ different standard may be used. There are
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ETHICS IN ACCOUNTING Presented by: Rojina Sapkota Abhilasha Thapa Pooja Shah Sandeep Gautam Mendhala Lama Gurung AND THE ACCOUNTING PROFESSION What is ETHICS? -All about making right choices and producing good behavior What is ETHICS in ACCOUNTING? -Being responsible enough to behave as a TRUSTWORTHY accountant. ROLE/IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS IN ACCOUNTING To provide true knowledge of the financial transactions taking place. To ensure correct decision making . WHAT IS AN ETHICAL DILEMMA
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Chapter 3: Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis 95 Chapter 3 Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis SOLUTIONS LEARNING OBJECTIVES Chapter 3 addresses the following learning objectives: LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5 LO6 Explain the concepts of cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis in decision making Apply CVP calculations for a single product Apply CVP calculations multiple products Describe the assumptions and limitations that mangers consider when using CVP analysis Assess operational risk using margin of
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Statements on Management Accounting PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING TITLE Definition and Measurement of Direct Material Cost TABLE OF CONTENTS Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Materiality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Material Quantities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Material Lost in the Production Process . . . . Samples‚ Prototypes‚ and Initial Production Runs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 2 2 3 Unit Price of Direct Material
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