especially during the rainy season; • Washing‚ bathing and other domestic activities around the open dug well sources‚ especially among the low income communities; • Inadequate and irregular disinfection of drinking water supplies‚ including chlorination under KWA schemes; • Inadequate testing and irregular monitoring of drinking water quality. Nobody seems to know‚ that only 15 Km away from Cochin‚ the “Queen of the Arabian Sea ”‚ there is Eloor Island‚ home to Kerala’s largest industrial
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Intermolecular Bonding Essay Write an essay on intermolecular bonding. Explain how each type of bond arises and the evidence for the existence of each. Comment on their strengths in relation to the types of atoms involved; the covalent bond and relative to each other. Use the concepts of different types and strengths of intermolecular bonds to explain the following: There exists four types of intermolecular bonding‚ they include ionic‚ covalent‚ Van der waals and hydrogen bonding. In order to
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6-Dimethyl-3-heptyne 1‚6-Heptadiyne Common names: prefix the substituents on the triple bond to the name “acetylene” IUPAC name: Common name: 2-Butyne D imethylacetylene 1-Buten-3-yne Vinylacetylene Physical Properties Similar to alkanes and alkenes of comparable molecular weight and carbon skeleton 2-Butyne 1-Pentyne Melting Point Formula (°C) -81 HC CH CH3 C CH -102 CH 3 CH2 C CH -126 -32 CH3 C CCH3 CH 3 ( CH2 ) 2 C CH -90 1-Hexyne CH 3 ( CH2 ) 3 C CH
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halogenation‚ hydration & addition of hydrogen halides: NR EX. H2 X2 C6H6 H2 O HX NR NR NR c) Preference for Substitution Reactions – - instead of addition reactions like alkenes‚ benzene readily undergoes substitution reactions typical of alkanes: EX. C6H6 + Cl2 Fe C6H5 Cl + HCl -
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C7 Further Chemistry OCR 21st Century: 2011 specification Made by Nabilah Chowdhury Copyrighted References: OCR 21st Century Further Sciences Book‚ CGP: OCR 21st century + various internet sources Topic 1: Green Industry Brief Intro 14/06/13 Natural resources are converted into useful products. Bulk chemicals produced on a large scale b/c there is a larger demand for them. Fine chemical are produced on a smaller scale. They’re used as feedstock’s
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way to decrease the incidence of cholera was to improve water‚ sanitation‚ and hygiene. There needs to be treated water that is accessible to the people. NGO’s and agencies gathered to make some change. The concern was the piped water supply for chlorination. Purifying water tablets were distributed to homes. The main challenge was distributing the purifying water tablets to homes that were in difficult to reach areas. Educating the public was key. Information about boiling drinking water and seeking
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hybridization greater contributing structure? filled valences more covalent bonds minimize charge separation charges on atoms of appropriate EN NOTE: Hybrid looks like major contributor ON MIDTERM TRY THESE: CH3N3 O3 CH3CO2 Chapter 2 Saturated alkanes: maximum of C-H bonds Representations ball + stick line
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Polymer Chemistry Classification of Polymers – Notes prepared by The most common way of classifying polymers is to separate them into three groups - thermoplastics‚ thermosets‚ and elastomers5. The thermoplastics can be divided into two types - those that are crystalline and those that are amorphous. You may click on the words in the diagram below to learn more about these classifications. Thermoplastics Molecules in a thermoplastic are held together by relatively weak intermolecular
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methanol H C O H H H primary R C O H H H secondary R C O R H H tertiary R C O R R H 77 1° carbon 2° carbon 3° carbon 39 17.1: Nomenclature: 1. In general‚ alcohols are named in the same manner as alkanes; replace the -ane suffix for alkanes with an -ol for alcohols CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 3 CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2OH OH butane 1-butanol 2-butanol 2. Number the carbon chain so that the hydroxyl group gets the lowest number 3. Number the substituents and write the name listing
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The E2 reaction performed began by dehydrohalogenating the 3-chloro-3‚ 7-dimethyloctane with potassium hydroxide in aqueous ethanol. The 3-chloro-3‚ 7-dimethyloctane will lose a hydrogen from three different carbons that cause the formation of three constitutional isomers. If the hydroxide ion attacks a hydrogen on the 3-methyl carbon‚ then 2-ethyl-6-methyl-1-heptene will be the product. If a hydrogen on the carbon-2 was attacked‚ then the product would be 3‚ 7-dimethyl-2-octene. If a hydrogen was
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