consideration. On one hand‚ nuclear energy is not renewable‚ so the problem of nuclear waste is still unsolved. Nuclear waste is a waste produced by radioactive fissions. Unlike normal refuse‚ nuclear waste can be very harmful to all creatures. Radioactivity reduces over long periods of time‚ so the waste must be isolated until its radioactive isotopes to decay. For instance‚ a period of 10 to 50 years will make low-level wastes no longer dangerous. Moreover‚ wastes from the core of
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Attack Anthony H. Cordesman Radiological weapons are generally felt to be suitable largely for terror‚ political‚ and area denial purposes‚ rather than mass killings. Unlike nuclear weapons‚ they spread radioactive material contaminating personnel‚ equipment‚ facilities‚ and terrain. The radioactive material acts as a toxic chemical to which exposure eventually proves harmful or fatal. Radiation is energy that comes from a source and travels through some material or through space. Light‚ heat‚
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M12/4/PHYSI/HP3/ENG/TZ2/XX 22126515 Physics Higher level Paper 3 Candidate session number 0 0 Examination code Friday 11 May 2012 (morning) 2 1 hour 15 minutes 2 1 2 – 6 5 1 5 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES • • • • • • • Write your session number in the boxes above. Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. Answer all of the questions from two of the Options. Write your answers in the boxes provided. A calculator is required for this paper. A clean copy of the
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During and after World War II Australia began supplying uranium for the US and UK ’s weapons programs‚ and this is how Australia got involved. British weapons tests in South Australia and Western Australia 1952-63 left a long line of health problems for Aborigines and armed service personnel‚ as well as significant environmental damage. Let ’s face it. We don ’t want safe nuclear power plants. We want NO nuclear power plants —A spokesman for the Government Accountability Project‚ an offshoot of
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hospital. The medicine nuclear pharmacists handle is called a radiopharmaceutical. Handling radiopharmaceuticals expose the pharmacists to radioactive materials which can arebe harmful if not monitored safely. In the workplace‚ nuclear pharmacists use what are called ring badges and body badges which monitor extremity and whole body exposure to the radioactive materials they use. The government has set special limits‚ for the pharmacist’s safety‚ as to how much radiation they can be exposed to. Most
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Prepared By NHL 1 Q1. The radioactive nuclide 199Pt has a half life of 30.8 minutes. A sample is prepared that has an initial activity of 7.56x1011Bq. (a) How many 199Pt nuclei are initially present in the sample? (b) How many are present after 30.8minutes? What is the activity at this time? (c) Repeat part (b) for a time 92.4 minutes after the sample is first prepared. (a) 2.02x1015‚ (b) 1.01x1015‚ 3.78x1011Bq‚ (c) 2.52x1014‚ 9.45x1010Bq Q2. The unstable isotope 40K is used for dating of rock
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nuclear fuel elements? Nuclear fuel elements are made of uranium oxide‚ which is a naturally found form of uranium. It is enriched with uranium .235. Nuclear fuel elements can be used to produce large amounts of energy. Where does heat energy from radioactive decay come from? Heat decay is formed when radiation reacts with a material. The energy of either alpha‚ beta or gamma radiation is converted into heat energy. An example of this occurring in nature is in the core of the earth‚ when this is constantly
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valence shell on each of these. Ions Loss or gain of an electron makes an atom into an ion. + Gaining an electron makes a positive or negative ion? - Losing an electron makes a positive or negative ion? Isotopes Atoms that gain or lose a neutron become isotopes. Radioactive isotopes are used in medicine for imaging (such as PET scanners). Why is this important? • Each element has distinct properties: color‚ melting point‚ reactivity‚ etc. • The basic atomic structure of each element determines that element’s
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Nuclear energy… Boon or Bane ? Nuclear energy? Nowadays these two words are always sticking on the society’s mouth‚ but do they know the actual meaning of it? Nuclear energy is basically defined as the energy released by the reaction within the nuclei‚ as in nuclear fission or fusion. The core reason of using nuclear energy is to generate electric power to satisfy human needs. Usage of the nuclear power plant as an energy generator came together with several boons and banes. As quoted by the
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Environment: a sum of all the conditions surrounding us that influence life Environmental Science: the field that looks at interactions among humans and nature System: a set of interacting components that influence one another by exchanging energy or materials Ecosystem: the living and non-living components of a particular place on earth Biotic: the living part of the Earth (animals‚ plants) Abiotic: the non-living part of the Earth (soil‚ air‚ water) Environmentalist:any person who advocates
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