Zimbardo & McCann‚ 2009‚ p.95). By pairing the banging bar and the white rat‚ Watson and Rayner were able to use classical conditioning by hitting the bar at the same time Albert touched the rat. This created and association of the loud bang‚ which drew out the reaction of fear‚ to the rat itself. With the rat having no original reaction‚ the banging now caused the reaction to be the same in the presence of the rat. Unconditioned stimulus is when we naturally react to a stimulus such as
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There is also the form that is known as variable schedule. This means that you change the factor of "x" every time‚ making the reinforcement not as consistent. In the case of the rats‚ they can no longer "pace" themselves because both intervals have changed and they can no longer establish what the time will be between behavior and reward. Both of these schedules are resistant to extinction. According to Skinner‚ this is a method
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polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich liquid oils. This blending produced fat products of zero-trans fatty acid content and melting points below the human body temperature‚ so that they can be digested easily. The new blended products were fed to male albino rats (Charles Foster strain); the coefficients of digestibilities were 94.2% for palmstearin and rapeseed oil blend‚ 95.1% for palmstearin and sunflower oil blend‚ and 96.2% for palmstearin and soybean oil blend‚ which were somewhat better than the digestibility
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to various stimuli which were paired with a loud banging noise on a bar. A rat was put next to Albert and when he would reach for the rat‚ they would bang that bar to get baby Albert to display fear by crying. Albert was conditioned to the point that by simply showing him the rat he would cry and want to crawl away. He knew that along with the rat‚ came the loud clanging noise‚ therefore he felt that by avoiding the rat‚ he would also be able to avoid the noise. “In classical conditioning‚ the
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Toddaliaasiatica(350 mg/kg) and Araucaria bidwilli(250 mg/kg).All the rats used for the sub-chronic toxicity study appeared normal before‚ during and after the treatment. Mortality was not observed at any of the dose levels used in this study. There is a positive effect of T. conophorum extract on the weight status of the test rats. The weights of rats given the plant extract in all groups remained higher in contrast to those rats not given the plant extract (control group) at the end of the 28 days
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What did they ever do to us? Testing on animals has become a frequent daily routine for these poor animals. Rats‚ mice‚ guinea pigs‚ and bunnies suffer from these inhumane unnecessary tests everyday‚ not only in the us but in other countries around the world. Other than that we are the one’s paying for it with taxes! These tests aren’t cheap at all‚ some of them
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Kathy High’s Embracing Animal (2004-2006)‚ where three laboratory rats were micro injected with a small amount of human DNA in order to give them autoimmune diseases‚ could be seen as residing in the zone of proximity and indiscernibility‚ becoming universal flesh ‘where one can no longer be distinguished from a woman‚ an animal‚ or a molecule’. Essentially‚ the artwork blurs bodily‚ individual‚ subjective boundaries. The artist herself has stated: ‘They are not pets. They are extensions‚ transformers
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learning whether it is innate or learned behavior (King 2010). Positive Reinforcement and Skinners experiment Skinner experimented using positive reinforcement‚ with a rat and came to the conclusion that with a stimulus or positive reinforcement a rat can learn to receive food by pressing a bar. With Skinners experiments with the rat he discovered law of effect. Skinners approach to operant conditioning involved the “Law of Effect” stating that behavior followed by positive outcomes is strengthened
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the main characters are a rat and a pig. Pastis Pearls of Swine comics‚ illustrates a rat who thinks he knows everything and a pig who does not know any better. In this comic‚ the characters are Victor the Vegan‚ Jef the Cyclist‚ the Rat‚ the Goat‚ the Pig‚ and Stephan. The rat is seen as arrogant‚ the pig is seen as good natured and the goat is seen as intelligent. (1)
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Lab Time/Date Thursday 5:30-7:30 Activity 1 Metabolism and Thyroid Hormone Part 1 1 Which rat had the fastest basal metabolic rate (BMR)? The Normal rat had the fastest BMR. 2 Why did the metabolic rates differ between the normal rat and the surgically altered rats? How well did the results compare with your prediction? ___ The BMRs differed because the surgically altered rats were missing either the Pituitary or Thryoid gland that release thyroid hormones. 3 If an animal
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