Concentration The Problem In many colleges over 8% of the students report problems concentrating on their studies. Most of these students blame outside distractions for their problems. Many research studies manipulating noise levels and distractions have found that such disturbances may increase‚ decrease‚ or not even affect concentration. These researchers have therefore concluded that distracters don’t cause concentration problems directly. It is the way the distracters are interpreted
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Osmosis investigation Aim: To investigate how sugar concentration affects the mass or size of a potato and find out the sugar solution. Introduction: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane form a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal. This means that osmosis is like diffusion involving water molecules. Osmosis occurs across a partially permeable membrane‚ with holes
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Unknown Acid KEYWORDS: quantitative analysis‚ titration‚ buret‚ endpoint‚ standardization‚ half-equivalence point‚ calorimetric titration‚ potentiometric titration ABSTRACT: The concentration of sodium hydroxide was determined by colorimetric titration‚ and the identity of an unknown acid was determined by potentiometric titration. In the first titration‚ a strong acid standard‚ potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP)‚ was used‚ to determine the concentration of a strong base‚ sodium hydroxide
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Suggested time allotment: 5 to 6 hours MODULE 2 ACIDS AND BASES In Module 1‚ you identified common properties of solutions using different methods. You learned how to report the amount of the components in a given volume of solution. You also found out that not all solutions are liquid. Some of them are solids and others are gases. Towards the end of the module‚ you investigated the factors that affect how fast a solid dissolves in water. Most of the solutions you studied in Module 1
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Clock reactions If you choose a project that explores the kinetics of a chemical reaction you will need a way of measuring the rate of the reaction. Clock reactions provide an interesting way of doing this for some systems. In a typical reaction the first part of a graph showing the concentration of product against time is approximately a straight line (see Figure 1). If you choose any value of concentration that lies on this straight line (say c1) the initial rate of reaction can be found
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SOLUTION AND CONCENTRATION A solution is a homogeneous mixture‚ made up of a solute dissolved in a solvent. Ex. In a water (aqueous) solution of sodium chloride‚ the sodium chloride is the solute and the water is the solvent. Solute – the component that is dissolved or is the least abundant component in the solution. Ex. Sugar‚ salt Solvent – the dissolving agent or the most abundant component in the solution. Ex. Water Common Types of Solution State of Solution State of Solute
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Abstract. This report is about how to standardize a Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) solution by titrating it with pure sample of Potassium acid Phthalate (KHC8H4O4). This experiment has two sections. The first section is to standardize the Sodium Hydroxide by titration. Three sample of 0.7 – 0.9 g of solid KHP are place into each of the three numbered Erlenmeyer flasks. 50 ml of distilled water are added to each three of it from graduated cylinder and constantly shake it until the KHP solution are completely
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Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q.1. Why should magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air ? Ans: Magnesium ribbon is a very reactive metal. When stored it reacts with oxygen to form a layer of magnesium oxide on its surface. This layer of magnesium oxide being a stable compound prevents further reaction of magnesium with oxygen. The magnesium is cleaned before burning in air to remove this layer so that the metal can be exposed to air properly. Q.2. Write the balanced
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Acid Strength Grade 10- Science (chemistry) 11/23/2012 Mariana Boff Acids Strength Acids are substances that contain hydrogen atoms which detach to form hydrogen ions when the acid is dissolved. Acids are divided into two main categories: the strong and weak acids. The stronger ones are very corrosive and can cause severe skin burns‚ here are some examples: nitric acid (HNO3)‚ hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The weaker ones are less corrosive and when in touch with the
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1. Standarization of NaOH with Potassium Hydrogenphthalate (KHC8H404) The hygroscopic nature of NaOH requires its solution to be standardized with a stable primary standard such as potassium hydrogen phthalate. The exact molar concentration of NaOH solution can then be accurately determined. 1.1) Prepare the stock NaOH solution by dissolving about 4 g of NaOH pellet in 100 mL of deionized water. Note that NaOH is a hazardous chemical which is corrosive to skin and irritant to eye‚ be cautious and
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