RATE OF REACTIONS. The reaction rate (rate of reaction) or speed of reaction for a reactant or product in a particular reaction is intuitively defined as how fast or slow a reaction takes place. For example‚ the oxidative rusting of iron under the atmosphere is a slow reaction that can take many years‚ but the combustion of cellulose in a fire is a reaction that takes place in fractions of a second (right). Chemical kinetics is the part of physical chemistry that studies reaction rates. The concepts
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Kinetics 6.1 Rates of reaction 6.2 Collision theory 6 16.1 Rate Expression (AHL) 16.2 Reaction mechanism (AHL) 16.3 Activation energy (AHL) 6.1 Rates of reaction 6.1.1 Define the term rate of reaction. 6.1.2 Describe suitable experimental procedures for measuring rates of reactions. 6.1.3 Analyse data from rate experiments. © IBO 2007 Figure 601 An explosion is a quick reaction D ifferent chemical reactions occur at different rates (i.e. speeds). Some
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hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the rate of reaction (mol dm-3 s-1) for the following chemical reaction: CaCO3(s) + HCl(aq) CaCl2(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Research question: How does altering concentration (mol dm-3) of hydrochloric acid (HCl) affect the rate of reaction (g/s) for the following reaction: CaCO3(s) + HCl(aq) CaCl2(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Background information: The reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid is an example of a neutralization reaction between an acid and a base.
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Rates of Reaction Coursework Aim: To find out how different concentrations of sodium thiosulphate (Na S2 O3) affects the speed of its reaction with Hydrochloric acid (HCL). Introduction When Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid react they produce a cloudy precipitate. Both of the chemicals are clear solutions and they react together to form a yellow precipitate of sulphur‚ the equation for this reaction is: Na2 S2 O3 + HCL‚ H2 O + NaCL + SO2 + S Sodium Thiosulphate + Hydrochloric
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Coursework Rates of Reaction Research The rate of reaction tells us how quickly a chemical reaction takes place. It is important for people in industry to know how fast a reaction goes. They have to know exactly how much of their product they can make each hour‚ day or week. In a shampoo factory‚ the rate might be 100 bottles per minute. We can’t work out the rate of a reaction from its chemical equation. Equations can only tells us how much product we can get. They don’t say how quickly
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volume). 3. [10 points] The following reaction is found to be first order in A: A −→ B + C If half of the starting quantity of A is used up after 56 seconds‚ calculate the fraction that will be used up after 6.0 minutes. 4. [15 points] The rate law for the decomposition of ozone to molecular oxygen 3 O3 (g) −→ 3 O2 (g) is rate = k [O3 ]2 . [O2 ] The mechanism for this process is k1 O3 O + O2 k−1 k 2 O + O3 −→ 2 O2 Derive a rate law from these elementary steps. Clearly
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Once Upon a Time by Gabriel OkaraOnce upon a time‚ son‚they used to laugh with their heartsand laugh with their eyes:but now they only laugh with their teeth‚while their ice-block-cold eyessearch behind my shadow.There was a time indeedthey used to shake hands with their hearts:but that’s gone‚ son.Now they shake hands without heartswhile their left hands searchmy empty pockets.‘Feel at home!’ ‘Come again’:they say‚ and when I comeagain and feelat home‚ once‚ twice‚there will be no thrice-for then
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9.5 Tests for halogens and halide Ions Test for halogen Test method Test observations Test chemistry and comments Chlorine gas Cl2 A pungent green gas. (i) Apply damp blue litmus. (Can use red litmus and just see bleaching effect.) (ii) A drop silver nitrate on the end of a glass rod into the gas. (i) litmus turns red and then is bleached white. (ii) White precipitate. (i) Non-metal‚ is acid in aqueous solution and a powerful oxidising agent (ii) It forms a small amount of chloride ion in water
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Reaction Rate Coursework Aim To see how the concentration of a reactant affects the rate of reaction‚ in this case sodium thiosulphate and acid. Scientific Background For a reaction to occur‚ the particles of the reactants must be colliding with each other with enough energy‚ the amount of energy needed for the reaction is called activation energy. Activation energy is altered by temperature‚ concentration‚ surface area of and the pressure on the reactants. Stirring the reactants also increases
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Changing the Rate of Reaction PART 1: PARTICLE SIZE Question: How does changing the particle size of marble (CaCO3) affect the rate of reaction when it is added to hydrochloric acid (HCl)? Hypothesis: If I change the particle size of marble to test how to change the rate of a chemical reaction‚ than the chemical reaction with the smallest marble particles will produce CO2 the quickest because the larger the surface area‚ the more place the hydrochloric acid will have to collide with the marble
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