DETERMINING RATIO DECIDENDI – EFFICACY OF WAMBAUGH’S TEST I. INTRODUCTION Judicial precedents are an important sources of law. They are the former judgements of the superior courts which the judges in common law countries are bound to follow. This bindingness of previous decisions on the lower courts is partly due to high status which the judges enjoyed in England and also partly because of the importance of the issues which they decided. Judicial decisions were given a high authority as
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Basics of Insurance Meaning of Insurance Insurance provides financial protection against a loss arising out of happening of an uncertain event. A person can avail this protection by paying premium to an insurance company. A pool is created through contributions made by persons seeking to protect themselves from common risk. Premium is collected by insurance companies which also act as trustee to the pool. Any loss to the insured in case of happening of an uncertain event is paid out of this
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1.0 INTRODUCTION Herbalife Ltd are a global nutrition company founded in 1980 that sells weight management‚ healthy meals and snacks‚ sports and fitness‚ energy and targeted nutritional products as well as personal care products. Herbalife distributes and sells its products through a network of independent distributors‚ using the direct selling channel. As of December 31‚ 2012‚ Herbalife sold their products in 88 countries to and through a network of approximately 3.2 million independent distributors
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INCOTERMS 2010 Lecturer : Bui Thanh Trang‚ Ph.D INCOTERMS 2010 • • • • What are Incoterms? What is purpose of Incoterms? Scope of Incoterms? Structure of Incoterms? What are INCOTERMS? A set of rules for the interpretation of trade terms‚ in a contract of sale. ICC official rules for the interpretation of the trade terms INCOTERNS 1936 is first published by ICC‚ amendments and additions were made in 1953‚ 1967‚ 1976‚ 1980 ‚ 1990‚ 2000 and 2010. I. PURPOSE OF INCOTERMS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 MANAGERIAL FINANCE: 3 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ANALYSIS: 3 RATIO ANALYSIS: 3 FAUJI CEMENT BALANCE SHEET AND PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT 4 RATIO ANALYSIS: 9 INTRODUCTION MANAGERIAL FINANCE: • Managerial finance is concerned with the duties of the financial manager in the business firm. • The financial manager actively manages the financial affairs of any type of business‚ whether private or public‚ large or small‚ profit-seeking or not-for-profit
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1. Overview of the global pharmaceutical industry In 2003‚ Britain’s Guardian newspaper commented that‚ “on the face of it‚ the global pharmaceutical industry looks like the epitome of a modern‚ mature industry that has found a comfortable way to make profits by the billion: it ’s global‚ hi-tech‚ and has the ultimate customer‚ the healthcare budgets of the world ’s richest countries.” Guardian sept 2003 The global pharmaceutical industry is nowadays made up of thousands of companies contained
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Malijan‚ Mary Erjoy D. GENEROSO PHARMACEUTICALS AND CHEMICALS‚ INC TIME CONTEXT 1978 and in 1988 - GPC engage in the contract manufacturing of pharmaceutical products for both the domestic and export markets and the Generics Bill came in. SUMMARY / ABSTRACT This case examines the management of Mr. David Genereso in the GENERESO PHARMACEUTICALS AND CHEMICALS‚ INC to become a productive and successful company. Mr. David Generoso was a philosophy graduate of a sectarian university in the
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Henry Biddle is fifty-two years old. He has spent half of his life working for the same company‚ Alliance Pharmaceutical‚ as an assistant researcher. His milquetoast existence consisted of being told what to do and what not to do. Promotions at work passed him by repeatedly. His working knowledge of the various drugs used by Alliance Pharmaceutical in their research was the only reason he was still there. Henry was content to be an assistant with no aspirations of climbing the proverbial ladder of
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LTD Ratio Analysis Memo ACC 291 Memorandum Monday‚ March 4th‚ 2013 To: CEO‚ Riordan Manufacturing Inc. From: Financial Analyst LTD Listed below you will find a quick analysis of the company using productivity‚ Liquidity and solvency ratios. This analysis is accompanied by vertical and horizontal analysis. These analysis gives anyone inquiring a good picture of the company’s overall performance. This analysis is also a good way to determine the company’s financial standings for the said
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Benefits and Limitations of Ratio and Financial Statement Analysis July 25‚ 2013 MGMT640 Executive Summary In corporate finance‚ both ratio and financial statement analysis are important tools that can be used in order to assess a company’s strength financially. They can be used in order to forecast a business’ prospective cash flow and ability to grow in the future‚ as well as a company’s strengths and weaknesses. Income statements‚ balance sheets
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