Performance Measurement in Service Businesses. CIMA‚ London. Fitzgerald‚ L.‚ Moon‚ P.‚ 1996. Performance Measurement in Service Industries: Making it Work. CIMA‚ London. Habermas‚ J.‚ 1984. The Theory of Communicative Action Volume 1: Reason and Rationalisation of Society‚ McCarthy‚ T. (transl.)‚ Heinemann‚ London. Habermas‚ J.‚ 1987. The Theory of Communicative Action Volume 2: The Critique of Functional Reason‚ McCarthy‚ T. (transl.)‚ Heinemann‚ London. Habermas‚ J.‚ 1996. Between Facts and Norms.
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the id‚ the ego and the superego. Defence mechanisms are an unconscious response used when the ego is in conflict with the id and the superego and they prevent the ego from harm. There are four main defence mechanisms; Denial‚ Displacement‚ Rationalisation and Sublimation. Displacement is where the mind redirects emotions from a dangerous object to a safe object. An example of this would be if an employee is really angry at their boss‚ but instead of punching their boss‚ they punch a pillow. This
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should stick to knitting’. However‚ the achievements of the Revolution were continued with guarantees of equality‚ property rights and the rights of the citizen won in 1789. Published in a small compact edition in 1810‚ it became a model for legal rationalisation in many other states of Europe. One feature which was greatly to affect the future of France was the insistence on equal division of estates between sons. Napoleon also had to shape public opinion -- this was accomplished by crude forms of propaganda
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Why do political demands for smaller states and bifurcation arise? There are‚ of course‚ emotional considerations like culture‚ language‚ religion and a sense of economic and regional deprivation. But more importantly‚ politicians envision additional posts of power as chief ministers or ministers‚ leaders of the opposition‚ Assembly speakers and so on. Similarly‚ government servants think of becoming chief secretaries or secretaries‚ DGs of police‚ chief-engineers‚ directors and so on. A common
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3% of sales to 52% of sales in 2002. this equals $2.3 billion dollars or 414 million litres  US greatest source of export growth  Australia’s export policy has led to major reforms in the Australian wine industry  Rationalisation of wine production’ leading to overall efficiency giving them cost advantages over their competitors and reshaping of distribution lines.  4th largest wine exported in the world with 5% of global market International organisations and
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Flexibility in organization Flexibility is becoming a common world in the present world of work. Organisations find it essential to be flexible and to make its employees have the same mind set because they believe it can create organisational prosperity in terms of profit and competitive advantage. Functional flexibility is the requirement or expectation that workers will perform tasks beyond those strictly specified as their main role of function. This might entail ‘cross-working’ (performing
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THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DEFENCE MECHANISMS IN THE PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC PROCESS. . Introduction The roots of the term ‘defence mechanism’ are to be found in psychoanalysis‚ and refer originally to ‘a process whereby the ego protects itself against the demands of the id’ (Colman‚ 2001: 189). In other words‚ the primitive‚ “I want”‚ voice of the id is tempered and restrained by the civilised‚“You can’t always have”‚ voice of the ego. In this sense‚ our defences constitute the compromise
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markets becoming more national and global. Local or regional identity was diminishing due to technological advancements in communications and media. Renew review of micro-economic agendas and cooperation between Commonwealth and states in the rationalisation of regulations and uniformity of standards and regulations to resolve globalisation issues to a degree. To ensure that the states either have the capacity to raise their own funds‚ or receive a sufficient share of overall tax revenue‚ to allow
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George Ritzer’s McDonaldization: McDonaldization is a term used by George Ritzer in his book ‘The McDonaldization of Society’ He explains that it becomes apparent when a culture adapts the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant. McDonaldization is a concept of controversial behaviours or feelings‚ or moving from traditional to rational modes of thought. Ritzer sees the fast-food restaurant as having become a more representative contemporary pattern. In contemporary society‚ the concept of McDonaldization
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Primary emotions are: * Happiness * Sadness * Fear * Anger * Surprise * Disgust These emotions are inborn‚ not learnt‚ as even born blind and deaf people display these emotions. The James-Lange theory It explains the connection between our emotion and our body. Named after the psychologist who created the theory‚ it states that emotions are physical in nature. It is a physical change that brings about any emotional change. E.g. If you were nervous‚ remove all the symptoms
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