EXPERIMENT Materials 200 Toothpicks Timer Tape Controls 50 toothpicks per trial. 120 seconds per trial. The same brand of toothpicks. One toothpick broken at a time (except for Mutation Trial 2). One toothpick broken into two pieces equals one reaction. Broken toothpicks cannot react again. (Toothpicks can only be broken once) The toothpicks are broken between the thumb‚ index‚ and middle finger (toothpickase). Break two toothpicks at a time (Trail 3). Tape the index finger and thumb. (Trail 2)
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produce their own food. It has two stages or reactions light-dependent and light-dependent reactions. The light dependent reactions are the first stage‚ where energy from sunlight is captures in Photosystem 2 and then 1‚ the electrons generated in Photosystem 1 then moves along the electron transport chain. The moving of electrons causes a hydrogen ion gradient that is used in the final step to produce ATP‚ by the ATP Synthase. The equation for this reaction is 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6+6O2 or‚ carbon dioxide
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Enzymes are biological catalysts or assistants that consist of various types of proteins that work to drive the chemical reaction required for a specific action or nutrient. They can either launch a reaction or speed it up. Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The catalase used in this experiment will come from five different sources: Spinacia
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chemical reaction will occur spontaneously or non-spontaneously is an important aspect of thermodynamics. Spontaneity is determined from free energy‚ or Gibbs free energy. The equation (1) gives the relationship of how entropy (∆S) and enthalpy (∆H) along with temperature affects the amount of free energy‚ and henceforth the spontaneity. A spontaneous process may be quick or slow‚ and it is only affected by temperature and energy‚ therefore it is not related to kinetics or reaction rate. equation
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Yeast Lab Report Guidelines 1. Lab reports are to be computer-generated and double-spaced. All sections of the report must be written in paragraph form. 2. Do not use encyclopedias (Internet or otherwise)‚ dictionaries ((Internet or otherwise)‚ or personal web pages as sources for the report‚ this includes Wikipedia. You may use a textbook‚ lab manual‚ and/or article(s) in a published journal. You can find journal articles by going to the library website: http://www.lib.clemson.edu/ and selecting
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test the reaction rates of the enzyme catalase over a fixed period of time. The major conclusion was that catalase reacts faster in warm temperatures that are neither freezing nor boiling‚ catalase performs well in lower concentrations than the substrate‚ and catalase prefers neutral pH levels around 7. Introduction Enzymes are proteins that catalyze metabolic reactions vital for the survival and functioning of cells [1]. Without enzymes‚ metabolic processes would occur at unfeasible rates. Catalase
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Purpose: To observe epithelial tissue by using a microscope to compare prepared slides. Introduction: Epithelial tissue covers the whole surface of the body. It is made up of cells closely packed and ranged in one or more layers. This tissue is specialized to form the covering or lining of all internal and external body surfaces. Epithelial tissue can be divided into two groups depending on the number of layers of which it is composes. Epithelial tissue which is only one cell thick is known as
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1. OBJECTIVES (a) To determine the equivalent circuit parameters of a 3-phase squirrel-cage induction motor from laboratory test data. (b) To determine the performance characteristics of an induction motor under load conditions. (c) To control the no-load speed of an induction motor. 2. INTRODUCTION 2.1 Three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors An induction motor is a transformer with a rotating secondary winding. It has two essential components: an outer stationary stator and an
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CHM 3411 – Problem Set 6 Due date: Wednesday‚ March 23rd. Do all of the following problems. Show your work. 1) Consider the cyclic molecule C8H8‚ the eight carbon analogue to benzene. a) Write the secular detrerminant corresponding to the pi-bonding in C8H8. b) Using the secular determinant‚ the following energies are found for the pi-bonding molecular orbitals: 1 = + 2 2 = + 1.41 (two states) 3 = (two states) 4 = - 1.41 (two states) 5 = - 2 Give the electron
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Introduction: During this laboratory exercise will identify by the graph given which is isotonic‚ hypotonic‚ or hypertonic. The kidneys are a pair of fist-sized organs located outside the peritoneal cavity on each side of the spine. The kidney is a highly specialized organ that maintains the internal environment of the body by selectively excreting or retaining various substances according to specific body needs. The process of urine formation and adjustment of blood composition involves three
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