SUMMARY OF ORGANIC REACTIONS SECTION 1 - ALIPHATIC Aldehydes and ketones |Type of reaction |Mechanism | |1. oxidation (aldehydes only): aldehyde ( carboxylic acid |n/a | | | | |reagents: potassium
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Samples of DNA with the target sequence are heated to a reaction temperature of 94-96˚ C that causes DNA melting of the DNA template without denaturing the enzyme by disrupting the hydrogen bonds between complementary bases of the double helical DNA‚ yielding single-stranded DNA molecules(“How Is PCR (polymerase Chain Reaction) Done?”). DNA polymerase does not get degraded in such high temperatures since the DNA polymerase used in this reaction is thermostable as it is isolated from thermophilic bacteria
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Observing the and determining the reaction rate of photosynthesis in Ivy disks Background: All plants are autotrophs meaning they create their own food from inorganic chemicals in their surrounding. In the case of food‚ plants use CO2 to create glucose. In addition to the inorganic chemicals‚ plants use sunlight to create their glucose because the photosynthesis reaction is endothermic. The rate of this reaction‚ in turn‚ can be measures. And this lab uses oxygen which is
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Iodine-Clock Reaction: S2O82−(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → I2(aq) + 2 SO42−(aq) To measure the rate of this reaction we must measure the rate of concentration change of one of the reactants or products. Here‚ it is convenient to carry out a clock reaction involving the product I2. To do this‚ you will include (to the reacting S2O82− and I−) i) a small (but accurately known) amount of sodium thiosulfate‚ Na2S2O3‚ and ii) some starch indicator. The added Na2S2O3 does not interfere with the rate of above reaction‚ but
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Dihydroxylation Reactions Question: Can the stereochemical outcome of dihydroxylation reactions be determined by thin layer chromatography? Overview: In this experiment‚ you will perform two reactions that transform alkenes into diols. While similar in functional group transformation‚ these reactions may lead to stereochemically different products. The two possible products are diastereomers of one another‚ and therefore have different physical chracteristics. After performing the reactions‚ you
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flask with an iodine crystal with a bromobenzene solution with a stir bar. Once the stirring began‚ the solution turned brown and over time began to lighten up. The color change to brown indicated that the reaction began and this is why an iodine crystal was placed in the solution. The reaction started to boil due to its own reflux so heat didn’t need to be applied. Next the anhydrous ether solution was added very slowly in a dropwise manner with a needle through the septum cap on the condenser. This
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Experiment 3 A Cycle of Copper Reactions Chemistry Department UCC 1st Year Practicals Introduction n n n n n Copper is one of the most important metals. Copper is reddish with a bright metallic lustre It is malleable‚ ductile‚ and a good conductor of heat and electricity (second only to silver in electrical conductivity) Its alloys‚ brass and bronze‚ are very important Has various oxidation states: 0 in elemental copper‚ +1‚ and +2 which is observable in corroded
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Name the four behavioral reactions to change. Describe the behavioral signs of each reaction‚ and identify an organizational strategy for dealing with each reaction. Change management is a set of processes employed to ensure that significant changes are implemented in a controlled and systematic manner. One of the goals of change management is the alignment of people and culture with strategic shifts in the organization‚ to overcome resistance to change in order to increase engagement and the achievement
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determine whether or not a chemical reaction occurred after the mixing of various chemicals. The evolution of a gas‚ the formation of precipitation‚ and the change of temperature or color are all indicative of a chemical reaction. It was assumed that a reaction did not take place if the mixture of chemicals exhibited none of these characteristics. Several precipitation‚ complex-ion formation‚ redox‚ and acid-base reactions were performed. Redox: Decomposition Reactions In a 13 x 100 mm test tube‚ 2 mL
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Chemical Reactions and Equations Chemical Reaction: The transformation of chemical substance into another chemical substance is known as Chemical Reaction. For example: rusting of iron‚ setting of milk into curd‚ digestion of food‚ respiration‚ etc. In chemical reaction new substance is formed which is completely different in properties from the original substance‚ so in a chemical reaction chemical change takes place. Following are the signs of chemical reaction: (a) Change of state of substance
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